Table 3

Factors and themes categorisation

ThemeCodeDescription of the code
Energy EfficiencyEE-01Energy efficiency of LED systems
EE-02Reduction of energy consumption in lighting
EE-03Lower Energy Loss
Occupational Safety and Visual PerformanceOS-01Operational Safety Improvement
OS-02Uniformity of light distribution
OS-03Importance of Lighting for Operational Safety
OS-04Importance of light control in airfield lighting
Environmental Impact and Light PollutionEI-01Reduction of carbon emissions
EI-02General environmental friendliness of LED systems
EI-03Resource Efficiency
Technological IntegrationTI-01Smart Control and Adaptability
TI-02Technological Integration
Lighting Intensity and RobustnessIR-01High-Performance light output
IR-02Durability of LED lighting
IR-03Flexibility in light control
IR-04Stable light output under varying conditions
IR-05Resistance to harsh/corrosive environments
IR-06Reduced light intensity during winter conditions
Cost EffectivenessCE-01Reduced maintenance costs
CE-02Reduced operational costs
CE-03Economic feasibility for large-scale implementation
Negative Impacts or DisadvantagesNI-01High setup or installation costs
NI-02High operational and maintenance costs
NI-03Technical limitations
NI-04Risk of rapid obsolescence or adaptation needs
NI-05Electrical interference or harmonic disruption
NI-06Power instability sensitivity
NI-07Colour variation or distortion under conditions
NI-08Blue light emission concerns
NI-09Sleep Cycle disruption from the light spectrum
NI-10Skyglow Pollution
Safety Regulations and ComplianceSR-01Compliance with regulations and standards
SR-02Government incentives for LED adoption
Source(s): Authors’ own work

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