Table 1.

Overview of DPs features for MSW management

FeaturesDescription
1. Business feature
  • Nature of the platform owner: This feature describes who owns the DP because ownership type can influence the DP’s objectives, operations, and services offered

2. Technical features
  • Accessory functions: Additional functionalities that support the core purpose of the DP (e.g., settings customization, or integration with other apps)

  • AGID certifications: AGID, the Italian Digital Agency, issues certifications. This feature specifies whether the DP’s service provider is certified, ensuring compliance with national standards for security and data protection

  • Advertising: This feature details if the DP incorporates third-party advertising

  • Multi-languages: This feature indicates the DP’s capability to support multiple languages

3. Sales/marketing features
  • Free: This feature indicates that the DP is free to download and use

  • Subscription-based: This feature describes the existence of a premium model for waste management companies and/or municipalities. A fee grants the upload of context-specific content

4. Geolocalization features
  • Geolocated users: The DP provides location-based services as being able to determine a user’s position

  • Geolocated calendars: Includes waste collection calendars customized to the user's location

  • Geolocated Maps: Display various waste-related points of interest, like recycling centers, based on geographical location

5. Informative featuresDownstream information to users
  • Waste categories: Details on various waste types and disposal or recycling methods

  • Bulky waste collection: Provides information about collection services for large or bulky items

  • Calendars: Shows schedules for regular waste collection, special pick-ups, and recycling events

  • Green news: Delivers news and updates on environmental topics, recycling tips, and sustainability trends

  • Info update: Regularly updates waste management information, policies, and guidelines

  • Listing of collection points: Enables users to get access to waste collection point locations

  • Notifications: Alerts and reminders about collection dates, policy changes, and important events

  • Street sweeping: Information and notifications about street sweeping schedules

  • Upstream information from users:

  • Direct calls: Facilitates direct calling of relevant waste management services

  • Feedback: A system to get users’ feedback on recycling habits or address inquiries

  • Reporting degradation: Users can report areas of waste or environmental degradation

  • Reporting missing waste: A feature for reporting uncollected waste as scheduled

  • Notice board for re-use of objects: citizens can publish advertisements for their goods that they no longer use making them available to other fellow citizens through re-use centers organized by municipalities

6. AI features
  • Product recognition: An AI-driven tool identifying products and suggesting recycling methods via image recognition

  • Recognition of Mobius Loop symbols: AI functionality to identify Mobius Loop symbols on products and packaging, informing users about the materials for recycling

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