Table 2

Industry 5.0's barriers to Indian manufacturing industries

Barriers to I5.0LabelReference
Resistive cultureBR1Horváth and Szabó (2019), Quiroz-Flores et al. (2024) 
Making the system automated and digitalBR2Kaswan et al. (2025b), Kamble et al. (2018b) 
Challenges across the value chainBR3Kaswan et al. (2025b), Salman et al. (2024) 
Lack of connection between physical and virtual systemsBR4Horváth and Szabó (2019) 
Concerted paradigmBR5Liu et al. (2019), Kamble et al. (2020) 
Infrastructure changesBR6Rajnput and Singh (2019) 
Regularisation standardsBR7Liu et al. (2019), Jabbour et al. (2020) 
Less efforts toward sustainabilityBR8Horváth and Szabó (2019) 
Accidental proneBR9Kumar et al. (2024) 
Lack of financesBR10Kaswan et al. (2025b) 

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