Structural model
| Relationship | Original sample (O) | Sample mean (M) | Standard deviation (SD) | p-value | t-statistic | f2 | R2 | Observation | Hypothesis testing |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Panel A. Main effects | |||||||||
| H1. Human resource management → Employee engagement | 0.011 | 0.011 | 0.054 | 0.834 | 0.210 | 0.000 | 0.540 | Not significant | Not supported |
| H2. Job crafting → Employee engagement | 0.213 | 0.217 | 0.078 | 0.006 | 2.727 | 0.037 | Significant | Supported | |
| Panel B. Mediation effects | |||||||||
| H3a. Human resource management → Psychological ownership → Employee engagement | 0.071 | 0.072 | 0.027 | 0.009 | 2.632 | Full mediation | Supported | ||
| H3b. Job crafting → Psychological ownership → Employee engagement | 0.143 | 0.142 | 0.035 | 0.000 | 4.067 | Partial mediation | Supported | ||
| H4a. Human resource management → Organizational citizenship behavior → Employee engagement | 0.079 | 0.078 | 0.023 | 0.001 | 3.425 | Full mediation | Supported | ||
| H4b. Job crafting → Organizational citizenship behavior → Employee engagement | 0.188 | 0.189 | 0.042 | 0.000 | 4.476 | Partial mediation | Supported | ||
| Relationship | Original sample (O) | Sample mean (M) | Standard deviation (SD) | Observation | Hypothesis testing | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.011 | 0.011 | 0.054 | 0.834 | 0.210 | 0.000 | 0.540 | Not significant | Not supported | |
| 0.213 | 0.217 | 0.078 | 0.006 | 2.727 | 0.037 | Significant | Supported | ||
| 0.071 | 0.072 | 0.027 | 0.009 | 2.632 | Full mediation | Supported | |||
| 0.143 | 0.142 | 0.035 | 0.000 | 4.067 | Partial mediation | Supported | |||
| 0.079 | 0.078 | 0.023 | 0.001 | 3.425 | Full mediation | Supported | |||
| 0.188 | 0.189 | 0.042 | 0.000 | 4.476 | Partial mediation | Supported | |||
Source(s): Authors’ own compilation
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