Table 2. Description of the explanatory... | Emerald Publishing

Table 2.

Description of the explanatory variables

Variables	Measures	Sources	Signs
VAA	Agricultural production, measured by agricultural value added	WDI
FD	Financial development, measured by domestic credit to the private sector by banks (% of GDP)	WDI	+/-
EDUC	Education index, measured by combined primary, secondary and tertiary gross enrolment ratio	UNDP	+
FB100	Fixed broadband subscription, measured by the fixed broadband subscription rate per 100 inhabitants	WDI	+
FT100	Fixed-line telephone subscription, measured by the fixed-line subscription rate per 100 inhabitants	WDI	+
INTERNET	Internet user, measured by the number of individuals using the internet (as a percentage of the population)	WDI	+
MO100	Mobile cellular telephone, measured by the mobile telephone subscription rate per 100 inhabitants	WDI	+
IT	Information technology, measured by PCA	WDI	+
GDPC	Economic growth, measured by per capita domestic product	WDI	+/-
LAND	Arable and permanent cropland, in thousands of hectares	FAOSTAT	+/-
LAB	Agricultural labor force, measured by thousands of participants in an economically active population in agriculture	FAOSTAT	+/-

Variables	Measures	Sources	Signs
VAA	Agricultural production, measured by agricultural value added	WDI
FD	Financial development, measured by domestic credit to the private sector by banks (% of GDP)	WDI	+/-
EDUC	Education index, measured by combined primary, secondary and tertiary gross enrolment ratio	UNDP	+
FB100	Fixed broadband subscription, measured by the fixed broadband subscription rate per 100 inhabitants	WDI	+
FT100	Fixed-line telephone subscription, measured by the fixed-line subscription rate per 100 inhabitants	WDI	+
INTERNET	Internet user, measured by the number of individuals using the internet (as a percentage of the population)	WDI	+
MO100	Mobile cellular telephone, measured by the mobile telephone subscription rate per 100 inhabitants	WDI	+
IT	Information technology, measured by PCA	WDI	+
GDPC	Economic growth, measured by per capita domestic product	WDI	+/-
LAND	Arable and permanent cropland, in thousands of hectares	FAOSTAT	+/-
LAB	Agricultural labor force, measured by thousands of participants in an economically active population in agriculture	FAOSTAT	+/-

Source(s): Authors’ work