Econometric results (system GMM)
| Variable | Dependent variable: agricultural value added | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fixed broadband | Fixed telephone | Internet | MO100 | IT | |
| Log agricultural value added (−1) | 0.940*** (0.000) | 0.738*** (0.000) | 0.942*** (0.000) | 1.032*** (0.000) | 0.972*** (0.000) |
| Financial development | −0.007 (0.200) | −0.006 (0.188) | −0.004 (0.100) | −0.00002 (0.805) | −0.008*** (0.002) |
| Education | −0.695 (0.154) | −3.125** (0.013) | −1.388*** (0.009) | −1.046* (0.092) | 0.126 (0.751) |
| Fixed broadband (FB) | −1.377** (0.018) | ||||
| Fixed telephone (FT) | −0.668*** (0.005) | ||||
| Internet (INT) | −0.061*** (0.001) | ||||
| MO100 | −0.007** (0.020) | ||||
| Information technologies (IT) | −0.691*** (0.003) | ||||
| Education × FB | 2.112** (0.019) | ||||
| Education × FT | 1.042*** (0.003) | ||||
| Education × INT | 0.128*** (0.002) | ||||
| Education × MO100 | 0.013* (0.089) | ||||
| Education × IT | 1.411*** (0.005) | ||||
| Log economic growth | 0.142*** (0.006) | 0.381** (0.012) | 0.102** (0.022) | 0.0.098*** (0.000) | 0.132*** (0.001) |
| Log land | 0.107** (0.043) | 0.216* (0.088) | 0.048* (0.068) | 0.016 (0.496)) | 0.068** (0.048) |
| Log labor | 0.221*** (0.005) | 0.206 (0.141) | 0.252** (0.049) | 0.098* (0.060) | 0.250** (0.022) |
| Constant | −1.031 (0.357) | 1.916 (0.258) | −1.181 (0.789) | −1.011 (0.148) | −1.901* (0.970) |
| IT net effects | −0.477 | −0.224 | −0.006 | −0.001 | −0.089 |
| Education thresholds | 0.651 | 0.641 | 0.476 | 0.538 | 0.489 |
| AR (1) | −1.69* (0.091) | −1.67* (0.095) | −3.20*** (0.001) | −4.00*** (0.000) | −2.88*** (0.004) |
| AR (2) | 0.51 (0.608) | 0.45 (0.489) | −0.19 (0.848) | −1.63 (0.104) | −0.02 (0.987) |
| Sargan | 6.90*** (0.864) | 20.97** (0.051) | 13.72*** (0.319) | 30.44 (0.002) | 17.34*** (0.137) |
| Hansen | 19.61** (0.075) | 16.41*** (0.173) | 19.96** (0.068) | 19.23** (0.083) | 21.24* (0.047) |
| Fisher | 299600.27*** (0.000) | 68573.71*** (0.000) | 379521.04*** (0.000) | 3.08e + 06*** (0.000) | 399056.44*** (0.000) |
| Number of instruments | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 |
| Number of groups | 34 | 34 | 34 | 34 | 34 |
| Observations | 423 | 466 | 457 | 467 | 415 |
| Variable | Dependent variable: agricultural value added | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fixed broadband | Fixed telephone | Internet | MO100 | ||
| Log agricultural value added (−1) | 0.940 | 0.738 | 0.942 | 1.032 | 0.972 |
| Financial development | −0.007 (0.200) | −0.006 (0.188) | −0.004 (0.100) | −0.00002 (0.805) | −0.008 |
| Education | −0.695 (0.154) | −3.125 | −1.388 | −1.046 | 0.126 (0.751) |
| Fixed broadband ( | −1.377 | ||||
| Fixed telephone ( | −0.668 | ||||
| Internet ( | −0.061 | ||||
| MO100 | −0.007 | ||||
| Information technologies ( | −0.691 | ||||
| Education × | 2.112 | ||||
| Education × | 1.042 | ||||
| Education × | 0.128 | ||||
| Education × MO100 | 0.013 | ||||
| Education × | 1.411 | ||||
| Log economic growth | 0.142 | 0.381 | 0.102 | 0.0.098 | 0.132 |
| Log land | 0.107 | 0.216 | 0.048 | 0.016 (0.496)) | 0.068 |
| Log labor | 0.221 | 0.206 (0.141) | 0.252 | 0.098 | 0.250 |
| Constant | −1.031 (0.357) | 1.916 (0.258) | −1.181 (0.789) | −1.011 (0.148) | −1.901 |
| Education thresholds | |||||
| −1.69 | −1.67 | −3.20 | −4.00 | −2.88 | |
| 0.51 (0.608) | 0.45 (0.489) | −0.19 (0.848) | −1.63 (0.104) | −0.02 (0.987) | |
| Sargan | 6.90 | 20.97 | 13.72 | 30.44 (0.002) | 17.34 |
| Hansen | 19.61 | 16.41 | 19.96 | 19.23 | 21.24 |
| Fisher | 299600.27 | 68573.71 | 379521.04 | 3.08e + 06 | 399056.44 |
| Number of instruments | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 |
| Number of groups | 34 | 34 | 34 | 34 | 34 |
| Observations | 423 | 466 | 457 | 467 | 415 |
***p < 1%, **p < 5% et *p < 10%
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