Table A1. Interview questions Construct...

Table A1.

Interview questions

Construct	Item	Question	Source
Capability	Workability	Do you have a catalogue of criteria?	Sönnichsen and Clement, 2020
Capability	Integration	What do you use as a guide when registering requirements/ selecting bidders/approving budgets?	Walker et al., 2008; Sönnichsen and Clement, 2020;
Potential	Individual intentions	What drives you towards GPP?	Walker et al., 2008; Bals et al., 2019
	Individual intentions	What opportunities do you see in sourcing sustainable cleaning products?	Walker et al., 2008; Bals et al., 2019
	Shared commitment	Do you develop GPP in cooperation with other departments?	Behravesh et al., 2022
Capacity	Social norms	Do you feel that ecological sustainability is anchored in your organizational culture?	Sönnichsen and Clement, 2020
		In your opinion, how can GPP be defined?
		What are the components?
		How do you think environmental sustainability could be anchored in the organization?
		Do you have a specific procurement strategy?
		Have you taken ecological aspects into account?
		For which supplies/services do you think GPP is particularly worthwhile?
	Social roles	Does your organization have a specialist for sustainability issues?	Bals et al., 2019
	Material resources	What might be holding you back from implementing GPP?	Walker et al. 2008;
	Material resources	What difficulties do you see in the GPP of cleaning products?	Walker et al. 2008;
	Cognitive resources	Where do you get your expertise on GPP from?	UNEP, 2022; Sönnichsen and Clement, 2020
		Have you received training or further education on this topic?
		Do you consult external specialists?
Contribution	Coherence/sense-making	How do you implement ecological aspects?	Igarashi et al., 2015
	Collective action	Do you use instruments for market observation, research or analyses?	Appolloni et al. 2014; Igarashi et al., 2015; UNEP, 2022; Sönnichsen and Clement, 2020
		If so, which ones and how?
		What do you use as a guide when registering requirements/ selecting bidders/ approving budgets?
		Do ecolabels/certificates etc. play an important role?
		What are your GPP criteria?
		Do ecolabels/certificates etc. play an important role?
		Do you calculate life cycle costs?
		At what stage of the process (bidder eligibility, contract award, contract negotiation) do you incorporate environmental aspects and how do you enforce them?
		How did you go about anchoring ecological aspects in the awarding of contracts?
	Cognitive participation	How have you been able to overcome previous difficulties?	Walker et al., 2008; UNEP, 2022; Bals et al., 2019
		Have you planned any future changes to the process?
		What do these look like?
		How do you think the topic of GPP will develop in the future?
		Which topics do you think will become more important concerning GPP?
	Reflexive monitoring	Do you check compliance with environmental criteria after the contract is signed?	Appolloni et al.. 2014; Bals et al.. 2019; Sönnichsen and Clement, 2020
		Do you monitor the impact of your GPP on environmental performance?
		What exactly do you measure and how?
		Do you also measure the environmental performance of your suppliers?
		Do you measure the impact of your sustainability activities on the financial performance of your organization?
		What exactly do you measure and how often do you measure progress?
Institutional setting		Do you feel that you work closely with your suppliers?	Behravesh et al., 2022; Vörösmarty and Tátrai, 2019
		Do you think close cooperation with suppliers could promote environmentally sustainable procurement?
		What information do you share with your suppliers and how do you share it?
		What role does trust play in sustainable supply chains?

Construct	Item	Question	Source
Capability	Workability	Do you have a catalogue of criteria?	Sönnichsen and Clement, 2020
Capability	Integration	What do you use as a guide when registering requirements/ selecting bidders/approving budgets?	Walker et al., 2008; Sönnichsen and Clement, 2020;
Potential	Individual intentions	What drives you towards GPP?	Walker et al., 2008; Bals et al., 2019
	Individual intentions	What opportunities do you see in sourcing sustainable cleaning products?	Walker et al., 2008; Bals et al., 2019
	Shared commitment	Do you develop GPP in cooperation with other departments?	Behravesh et al., 2022
Capacity	Social norms	Do you feel that ecological sustainability is anchored in your organizational culture?	Sönnichsen and Clement, 2020
		In your opinion, how can GPP be defined?
		What are the components?
		How do you think environmental sustainability could be anchored in the organization?
		Do you have a specific procurement strategy?
		Have you taken ecological aspects into account?
		For which supplies/services do you think GPP is particularly worthwhile?
	Social roles	Does your organization have a specialist for sustainability issues?	Bals et al., 2019
	Material resources	What might be holding you back from implementing GPP?	Walker et al. 2008;
	Material resources	What difficulties do you see in the GPP of cleaning products?	Walker et al. 2008;
	Cognitive resources	Where do you get your expertise on GPP from?	UNEP, 2022; Sönnichsen and Clement, 2020
		Have you received training or further education on this topic?
		Do you consult external specialists?
Contribution	Coherence/sense-making	How do you implement ecological aspects?	Igarashi et al., 2015
	Collective action	Do you use instruments for market observation, research or analyses?	Appolloni et al. 2014; Igarashi et al., 2015; UNEP, 2022; Sönnichsen and Clement, 2020
		If so, which ones and how?
		What do you use as a guide when registering requirements/ selecting bidders/ approving budgets?
		Do ecolabels/certificates etc. play an important role?
		What are your GPP criteria?
		Do ecolabels/certificates etc. play an important role?
		Do you calculate life cycle costs?
		At what stage of the process (bidder eligibility, contract award, contract negotiation) do you incorporate environmental aspects and how do you enforce them?
		How did you go about anchoring ecological aspects in the awarding of contracts?
	Cognitive participation	How have you been able to overcome previous difficulties?	Walker et al., 2008; UNEP, 2022; Bals et al., 2019
		Have you planned any future changes to the process?
		What do these look like?
		How do you think the topic of GPP will develop in the future?
		Which topics do you think will become more important concerning GPP?
	Reflexive monitoring	Do you check compliance with environmental criteria after the contract is signed?	Appolloni et al.. 2014; Bals et al.. 2019; Sönnichsen and Clement, 2020
		Do you monitor the impact of your GPP on environmental performance?
		What exactly do you measure and how?
		Do you also measure the environmental performance of your suppliers?
		Do you measure the impact of your sustainability activities on the financial performance of your organization?
		What exactly do you measure and how often do you measure progress?
Institutional setting		Do you feel that you work closely with your suppliers?	Behravesh et al., 2022; Vörösmarty and Tátrai, 2019
		Do you think close cooperation with suppliers could promote environmentally sustainable procurement?
		What information do you share with your suppliers and how do you share it?
		What role does trust play in sustainable supply chains?

Source(s): Created by authors related to May (2013)

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