Table 4.

Contextual knowledge in Requirements – Internal and external requirements are exemplified

Contextual knowledge documentedExplanation
External requirementsRequirements from an external source
Privacy laws and regulationsNational and/or international laws regulating privacy in some sense
NIS-2EU law enforcing cybersecurity measures and incident reporting for essential and important service providers
GDPREU regulation governing data protection and privacy, giving individuals control over their personal data
Public access to informationLaws and regulations regulating public access to official documents while protecting sensitive information
Sector-specific laws and regulationsNational and/or international laws and regulations regulating sector-specific requirements
Patient data laws and regulationsLaws and regulations managing and protecting patient journal information, ensuring traceability and secure handling of patient data
Archiving laws and regulationsNational and international laws and regulations that dictate the retention and management of records
Archives actDictates the preservation and management of public records for long-term archiving
Public records actGoverns transparency and archiving of public documents to maintain public access
IT provider agreementsStatement on how the information asset can be handled in relation to external providers of IT services to the organisation. An example of this is service level agreements (SLAs)
Internal requirementsRequirements from an internal source
Internal policiesPolicies stemming from within the organisation, such as ones touching on organisational privacy, information security and data retention. An example affecting the classification could be, for example, certain access-control requirements to particular assets
Disaster recovery planStrategy for restoring systems and data after disruptions to ensure business continuity. This can affect, for example, storage requirements, and in turn, the classification of identified assets
Information management planInternal guidelines on structuring, storing and managing information efficiently. This can affect the classification level by, for example, limiting the use of certain identified assets
Source(s): Authors’ own work

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