Descriptive statistics of regional sustainability indicators in Italy (mean ± SD), highlighting best and worst performers
| Code | Indicator (units of measurement) | Average ± std. dev. | Best region | Worst region |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Environmental dimension | ||||
| C1 | Impact of tourism on potable water consumption (litres per inhabitant) | 6.25 ± 8.82 | Molise | Trentino-South Tyrol |
| C2 | Percentage of treated wastewater (%) | 94.74 ± 7.43 | Piedmont | Sicily |
| C3 | Impact of tourism on waste (kg per inhabitant) | 20.82 ± 18.13 | Molise | Aosta Valley |
| C4 | Percentage of separately collected waste (%) | 66.38 ± 7.92 | Veneto | Calabria |
| C5 | Road transport PM2.5 emissions (tons) | 6.42 ± 3.82 | Molise | Tuscany |
| C6 | Electricity from renewable sources (%) | 50.54 ± 48.23 | Aosta Valley | Lombardy |
| C7 | Consecutive dry days (days) | 27.38 ± 7.17 | Veneto | Sicily |
| C8 | Heating degree days (°C total) | 1841.14 ± 760.00 | Sardinia | Aosta Valley |
| C9 | Cooling degree days (°C total) | 342.59 ± 149.10 | Aosta Valley | Sardinia |
| C10 | Protected areas (%) | 23.20 ± 6.51 | Abruzzo | Emilia-Romagna |
| C11 | Urban green space (m2 per inhabitant) | 64.44 ± 90.34 | Veneto | Apulia |
| C12 | Excellent bathing water (%) | 89.62 ± 10.72 | Trentino-South Tyrol | Piedmont |
| C13 | Environmental labels and schemes (number) | 3.85 ± 4.49 | Trentino-South Tyrol | Friuli Venezia Giulia |
| C14 | Public concern over climate change (%) | 70.50 ± 2.00 | Trentino-South Tyrol | Apulia |
| C15 | Public concern over biodiversity loss (%) | 23.70 ± 2.44 | Sardinia | Apulia |
| C16 | Public concern over landscape degradation (%) | 11.93 ± 2.14 | Friuli Venezia Giulia | Molise |
| C17 | Perception of neighbourhood degradation (%) | 5.26 ± 2.55 | Aosta Valley | Lazio |
| Economic dimension | ||||
| C18 | Tourism diversity (index) | 0.60 ± 0.23 | Veneto | Aosta Valley |
| C19 | Share of foreign tourists (%) | 38.08 ± 17.58 | Molise | Veneto |
| C20 | Tourism seasonality (index) | 0.50 ± 0.11 | Lazio | Calabria |
| C21 | Occupancy rate (%) | 47.39 ± 9.91 | Lazio | Apulia |
| C22 | Impact of seasonal employment (%) | 20.90 ± 14.14 | Lombardy | Trentino-South Tyrol |
| C23 | Net bed-places occupancy (%) | 47.42 ± 9.98 | Lazio | Apulia |
| C24 | Tourist accommodation density (per km2) | 19.44 ± 19.88 | Molise | Friuli Venezia Giulia |
| C25 | Average expenditure of foreign tourists (euros) | 552.81 ± 153.90 | Sardinia | Friuli Venezia Giulia |
| C26 | Average expenditure of domestic tourists (euros) | 361.37 ± 111.38 | Sardinia | Lazio |
| C27 | Tourism revenue per resident (euros per inhabitant) | 12.49 ± 9.25 | Trentino-South Tyrol | Molise |
| C28 | Added value of tourism enterprises (index) | 5.33 ± 3.19 | Lazio | Trentino-South Tyrol |
| C29 | Tourism employees' average income (euros) | 14667.22 ± 3032.30 | Trentino-South Tyrol | Molise |
| C30 | Specialisation index of employees (index) | 1.03 ± 0.29 | Aosta Valley | Lombardy |
| C31 | Share of employees in tourism enterprises (%) | 0.10 ± 0.03 | Aosta Valley | Piedmont |
| C32 | Share of public spending on tourism (%) | 0.77 ± 0.53 | Trentino-South Tyrol | Calabria |
| Social dimension | ||||
| C33 | Excursionists per resident (per inhabitant) | 0.74 ± 0.48 | Sicily | Veneto |
| C34 | Tourists per resident (per inhabitant) | 2.99 ± 3.12 | Molise | Trentino-South Tyrol |
| C35 | Tourism intensity (accommodations, presences per inhabitant) | 10.16 ± 11.42 | Molise | Trentino-South Tyrol |
| C36 | Tourism intensity (non-commercial lodging, presences per inhabitant) | 3.69 ± 6.42 | Marche | Sicily |
| C37 | Entertainment satisfaction (score) | 7.43 ± 0.46 | Abruzzo | Liguria |
| C38 | Food services satisfaction (score) | 8.31 ± 0.26 | Trentino-South Tyrol | Liguria |
| C39 | Local services satisfaction (score) | 7.70 ± 0.45 | Trentino-South Tyrol | Molise |
| C40 | Average length of stay (nights per tourist) | 3.40 ± 0.62 | Calabria | Trentino-South Tyrol |
| C41 | Presence of tourists from distant origins (%) | 7.87 ± 6.67 | Lazio | Calabria |
| C42 | Cultural assets density (per 100 km2) | 18.24 ± 10.25 | Basilicata | Friuli Venezia Giulia |
| C43 | Impact of female employment (%) | 0.52 ± 0.06 | Emilia-Romagna | Sicily |
| C44 | Walking alone at night (%) | 66.27 ± 7.17 | Aosta Valley | Lazio |
| C45 | Pickpocketing (per 1,000 inhabitants) | 3.34 ± 3.29 | Aosta Valley | Lazio |
| C46 | Robberies (per 1,000 inhabitants) | 0.85 ± 0.53 | Basilicata | Tuscany |
| C47 | Tourism demand recovery (index) | 1.03 ± 0.08 | Lazio | Calabria |
| Code | Indicator (units of measurement) | Average ± std. dev. | Best region | Worst region |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| C1 | Impact of tourism on potable water consumption (litres per inhabitant) | 6.25 ± 8.82 | Molise | Trentino-South Tyrol |
| C2 | Percentage of treated wastewater (%) | 94.74 ± 7.43 | Piedmont | Sicily |
| C3 | Impact of tourism on waste (kg per inhabitant) | 20.82 ± 18.13 | Molise | Aosta Valley |
| C4 | Percentage of separately collected waste (%) | 66.38 ± 7.92 | Veneto | Calabria |
| C5 | Road transport PM2.5 emissions (tons) | 6.42 ± 3.82 | Molise | Tuscany |
| C6 | Electricity from renewable sources (%) | 50.54 ± 48.23 | Aosta Valley | Lombardy |
| C7 | Consecutive dry days (days) | 27.38 ± 7.17 | Veneto | Sicily |
| C8 | Heating degree days (°C total) | 1841.14 ± 760.00 | Sardinia | Aosta Valley |
| C9 | Cooling degree days (°C total) | 342.59 ± 149.10 | Aosta Valley | Sardinia |
| C10 | Protected areas (%) | 23.20 ± 6.51 | Abruzzo | Emilia-Romagna |
| C11 | Urban green space (m2 per inhabitant) | 64.44 ± 90.34 | Veneto | Apulia |
| C12 | Excellent bathing water (%) | 89.62 ± 10.72 | Trentino-South Tyrol | Piedmont |
| C13 | Environmental labels and schemes (number) | 3.85 ± 4.49 | Trentino-South Tyrol | Friuli Venezia Giulia |
| C14 | Public concern over climate change (%) | 70.50 ± 2.00 | Trentino-South Tyrol | Apulia |
| C15 | Public concern over biodiversity loss (%) | 23.70 ± 2.44 | Sardinia | Apulia |
| C16 | Public concern over landscape degradation (%) | 11.93 ± 2.14 | Friuli Venezia Giulia | Molise |
| C17 | Perception of neighbourhood degradation (%) | 5.26 ± 2.55 | Aosta Valley | Lazio |
| C18 | Tourism diversity (index) | 0.60 ± 0.23 | Veneto | Aosta Valley |
| C19 | Share of foreign tourists (%) | 38.08 ± 17.58 | Molise | Veneto |
| C20 | Tourism seasonality (index) | 0.50 ± 0.11 | Lazio | Calabria |
| C21 | Occupancy rate (%) | 47.39 ± 9.91 | Lazio | Apulia |
| C22 | Impact of seasonal employment (%) | 20.90 ± 14.14 | Lombardy | Trentino-South Tyrol |
| C23 | Net bed-places occupancy (%) | 47.42 ± 9.98 | Lazio | Apulia |
| C24 | Tourist accommodation density (per km2) | 19.44 ± 19.88 | Molise | Friuli Venezia Giulia |
| C25 | Average expenditure of foreign tourists (euros) | 552.81 ± 153.90 | Sardinia | Friuli Venezia Giulia |
| C26 | Average expenditure of domestic tourists (euros) | 361.37 ± 111.38 | Sardinia | Lazio |
| C27 | Tourism revenue per resident (euros per inhabitant) | 12.49 ± 9.25 | Trentino-South Tyrol | Molise |
| C28 | Added value of tourism enterprises (index) | 5.33 ± 3.19 | Lazio | Trentino-South Tyrol |
| C29 | Tourism employees' average income (euros) | 14667.22 ± 3032.30 | Trentino-South Tyrol | Molise |
| C30 | Specialisation index of employees (index) | 1.03 ± 0.29 | Aosta Valley | Lombardy |
| C31 | Share of employees in tourism enterprises (%) | 0.10 ± 0.03 | Aosta Valley | Piedmont |
| C32 | Share of public spending on tourism (%) | 0.77 ± 0.53 | Trentino-South Tyrol | Calabria |
| C33 | Excursionists per resident (per inhabitant) | 0.74 ± 0.48 | Sicily | Veneto |
| C34 | Tourists per resident (per inhabitant) | 2.99 ± 3.12 | Molise | Trentino-South Tyrol |
| C35 | Tourism intensity (accommodations, presences per inhabitant) | 10.16 ± 11.42 | Molise | Trentino-South Tyrol |
| C36 | Tourism intensity (non-commercial lodging, presences per inhabitant) | 3.69 ± 6.42 | Marche | Sicily |
| C37 | Entertainment satisfaction (score) | 7.43 ± 0.46 | Abruzzo | Liguria |
| C38 | Food services satisfaction (score) | 8.31 ± 0.26 | Trentino-South Tyrol | Liguria |
| C39 | Local services satisfaction (score) | 7.70 ± 0.45 | Trentino-South Tyrol | Molise |
| C40 | Average length of stay (nights per tourist) | 3.40 ± 0.62 | Calabria | Trentino-South Tyrol |
| C41 | Presence of tourists from distant origins (%) | 7.87 ± 6.67 | Lazio | Calabria |
| C42 | Cultural assets density (per 100 km2) | 18.24 ± 10.25 | Basilicata | Friuli Venezia Giulia |
| C43 | Impact of female employment (%) | 0.52 ± 0.06 | Emilia-Romagna | Sicily |
| C44 | Walking alone at night (%) | 66.27 ± 7.17 | Aosta Valley | Lazio |
| C45 | Pickpocketing (per 1,000 inhabitants) | 3.34 ± 3.29 | Aosta Valley | Lazio |
| C46 | Robberies (per 1,000 inhabitants) | 0.85 ± 0.53 | Basilicata | Tuscany |
| C47 | Tourism demand recovery (index) | 1.03 ± 0.08 | Lazio | Calabria |
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