Table 2 The public value analysis in the... | Emerald Publishing

Table 2

The public value analysis in the academic literature

Public value analysis: Variables	Operationalization in the analysis of previous studies	Insights from the literature reviewed
FOCUS ON VALUE (volume)	Do studies take into explicit account the issue of value?	• Compared to the more widespread recognition of value, some more recent studies explicitly recognize the issue of public value for public sector organizations and in the context of IR (Bartocci and Picciaia, 2013; Caruana and Grech, 2019; Cavicchi et al., 2019; Garlatti et al., 2024; Manes-Rossi et al., 2020b; Tirado-Valencia et al., 2021), identifying in its relevance a reason for the adoption itself of IR (Argento et al., 2019)
DEFINITION OF PUBLIC VALUE (type)	Do studies provide a definition of public value or other value?	• Previous studies have recognized the broad definition of public value as a challenge (Sonnerfeldt and Pontoppidan, 2023) • Reflections have been developed on the potential definition of public value by focusing on the analysis of the capitals and the interaction among them (Bartocci and Picciaia, 2013; Garlatti et al., 2024; Sonnerfeldt and Pontoppidan, 2023; Tirado-Valencia et al., 2021) • There is the recognition that the notion of public value should be rethought as a multi-faceted concept (Garlatti et al., 2024), for instance by considering its ecological, political, economic, social and cultural dimensions (Cavicchi et al., 2019) • Reflections have been elaborated on the need for not focusing only on outputs and outcomes but also on procedural aspects in defining public value (Sonnerfeldt and Pontoppidan, 2023) • It has been discussed the crucial role of the materiality analysis as it concerns the creation of public value (Iacuzzi et al., 2020)
PERSPECTIVE ADOPTED (perspective)	Do studies refer to the past, current times or future when considering the issue of (public) value in the context of IR?	• It has not emerged a specific focus on the perspective to adopt to address the specific issue of public value in the context of IR
ANALYSIS OF PUBLIC VALUE CREATION, DESTRUCTION OR PRESERVATION (tone)	Do studies analyze (public) value creation, destruction or preservation?	• It has been recognized as a challenge the reporting of public value as well as the IR is recognized as a suitable tool for enhancing the communication of public value creation (Garlatti et al., 2024; Manes–Rossi et al., 2020b), with mostly a focused on the creation of public value (Iacuzzi et al., 2020; Mohammed et al., 2022) • Factors enabling the public value creation and disclosure has been discussed, as the engagement of stakeholders (Cavicchi et al., 2019; Cohen and Karatzimas, 2021; Garlatti et al., 2024) • In a few cases, there has been an explicit mention of the value destruction (Sonnerfeldt and Pontoppidan, 2023)
DEPTH OF ANALYSIS (completeness)	Which aspects do studies analyze: definition, description of (public) value creation process and its related variables, value measurement and/or reporting?	• The majority of the studies have focused on the discussion of the relevance of the concept of public value, the difficulties in its definition and in the reporting of the process of value creation, as discussed above • Factors strengthening the public value disclosure has been discussed, as integrated thinking (Garlatti et al., 2024; Tirado-Valencia et al., 2021) • A limited attention seems to have been devoted to the measurement of public value in the context of IR with few exceptions (Garlatti et al., 2024; Sonnerfeldt and Pontoppidan, 2023)

Public value analysis: Variables	Operationalization in the analysis of previous studies	Insights from the literature reviewed
FOCUS ON VALUE (volume)	Do studies take into explicit account the issue of value?	• Compared to the more widespread recognition of value, some more recent studies explicitly recognize the issue of public value for public sector organizations and in the context of IR (Bartocci and Picciaia, 2013; Caruana and Grech, 2019; Cavicchi et al., 2019; Garlatti et al., 2024; Manes-Rossi et al., 2020b; Tirado-Valencia et al., 2021), identifying in its relevance a reason for the adoption itself of IR (Argento et al., 2019)
DEFINITION OF PUBLIC VALUE (type)	Do studies provide a definition of public value or other value?	• Previous studies have recognized the broad definition of public value as a challenge (Sonnerfeldt and Pontoppidan, 2023) • Reflections have been developed on the potential definition of public value by focusing on the analysis of the capitals and the interaction among them (Bartocci and Picciaia, 2013; Garlatti et al., 2024; Sonnerfeldt and Pontoppidan, 2023; Tirado-Valencia et al., 2021) • There is the recognition that the notion of public value should be rethought as a multi-faceted concept (Garlatti et al., 2024), for instance by considering its ecological, political, economic, social and cultural dimensions (Cavicchi et al., 2019) • Reflections have been elaborated on the need for not focusing only on outputs and outcomes but also on procedural aspects in defining public value (Sonnerfeldt and Pontoppidan, 2023) • It has been discussed the crucial role of the materiality analysis as it concerns the creation of public value (Iacuzzi et al., 2020)
PERSPECTIVE ADOPTED (perspective)	Do studies refer to the past, current times or future when considering the issue of (public) value in the context of IR?	• It has not emerged a specific focus on the perspective to adopt to address the specific issue of public value in the context of IR
ANALYSIS OF PUBLIC VALUE CREATION, DESTRUCTION OR PRESERVATION (tone)	Do studies analyze (public) value creation, destruction or preservation?	• It has been recognized as a challenge the reporting of public value as well as the IR is recognized as a suitable tool for enhancing the communication of public value creation (Garlatti et al., 2024; Manes–Rossi et al., 2020b), with mostly a focused on the creation of public value (Iacuzzi et al., 2020; Mohammed et al., 2022) • Factors enabling the public value creation and disclosure has been discussed, as the engagement of stakeholders (Cavicchi et al., 2019; Cohen and Karatzimas, 2021; Garlatti et al., 2024) • In a few cases, there has been an explicit mention of the value destruction (Sonnerfeldt and Pontoppidan, 2023)
DEPTH OF ANALYSIS (completeness)	Which aspects do studies analyze: definition, description of (public) value creation process and its related variables, value measurement and/or reporting?	• The majority of the studies have focused on the discussion of the relevance of the concept of public value, the difficulties in its definition and in the reporting of the process of value creation, as discussed above • Factors strengthening the public value disclosure has been discussed, as integrated thinking (Garlatti et al., 2024; Tirado-Valencia et al., 2021) • A limited attention seems to have been devoted to the measurement of public value in the context of IR with few exceptions (Garlatti et al., 2024; Sonnerfeldt and Pontoppidan, 2023)

Source(s): Authors' elaboration