Outcomes of the measurement model and the questionnaire’s measurements
| Construct | Items | Factor loading | CR | AVE | CA | MSV |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Relative advantage (READ) | Using metaverse would enable me to shop quickly compared to offline | 0.821 | 0.914 | 0.727 | 0.834 | 0.421 |
| Using metaverse would be advantageous compared to offline | 0.861 | |||||
| Using metaverse would improve my online shopping experience compared to offline | 0.897 | |||||
| Using metaverse would make it easier to shop online compared to offline | 0.830 | |||||
| Compatibility (COMP) | It would be compatible with me to use metaverse in this situation | 0.804 | 0.926 | 0.757 | 0.888 | 0.335 |
| My needs would be satisfied by using metaverse | 0.892 | |||||
| It would be compatible with my shopping habits to use metaverse | 0.893 | |||||
| Using metaverse would be compatible with my lifestyle | 0.889 | |||||
| Complexity (COMPL) | Using metaverse for shopping would be hard | 0.875 | 0.947 | 0.817 | 0.924 | 0.421 |
| I think it would be tough to learn how to use the metaverse | 0.904 | |||||
| I believe using metaverse would be cumbersome to use | 0.933 | |||||
| Using metaverse for shopping would be easy | 0.903 | |||||
| Flow (FL) | Metaverse provides me with a temporary escape from the real environment | 0.809 | 0.877 | 0.664 | 0.852 | 0.570 |
| When using metaverse, I do not realize how time passes | 0.796 | |||||
| While using metaverse, I am not distracted easily by other things | 0.829 | |||||
| When using metaverse, I frequently forget the work I must do | 0.824 | |||||
| Self-control (SC) | I often act without thinking through the alternatives | 0.774 | 0.906 | 0.658 | 0.892 | 0.469 |
| I deny things that are bad for myself | 0.802 | |||||
| I do a few things that are awful for me, if they are fun | 0.831 | |||||
| I spend too much money | 0.842 | |||||
| I change my mind fairly often | 0.806 | |||||
| Technostress (TS) | You have experienced that you were NOT on top of things because of the metaverse | 0.820 | 0.906 | 0.660 | 0.886 | 0.469 |
| You have lost confidence in your ability to perform well using Metaverse | 0.828 | |||||
| You have been distressed because something happened unusually when using Metaverse | 0.738 | |||||
| You have sensed that you were incapable to control the metaverse as well as you want | 0.850 | |||||
| You have felt nervous and “stressed” because of the metaverse | 0.822 | |||||
| Impulsive buying (IMB) | I purchase things according to how I sense at the moment | 0.855 | 0.952 | 0.798 | 0.901 | 0.421 |
| “I see it, I buy it” depicts me | 0.917 | |||||
| “Buy now, think about it later” depicts me | 0.908 | |||||
| I frequently purchase things without thinking | 0.925 | |||||
| “Just do it” defines the way I pay for things | 0.859 | |||||
| Compulsive buying (CMB) | Several people might describe me as a shopaholic | 0.807 | 0.937 | 0.715 | 0.923 | 0.570 |
| Buying things is a major aspect of my life | 0.889 | |||||
| My closet has unopened shopping bags in it | 0.909 | |||||
| I purchase things I don’t require | 0.844 | |||||
| I acknowledge myself as an impulse buyer | 0.883 | |||||
| I buy things I did not plan to purchase. | 0.728 |
| Construct | Items | Factor loading | CR | AVE | CA | MSV |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Using metaverse would enable me to shop quickly compared to offline | 0.914 | 0.727 | 0.834 | 0.421 | ||
| Using metaverse would be advantageous compared to offline | ||||||
| Using metaverse would improve my online shopping experience compared to offline | ||||||
| Using metaverse would make it easier to shop online compared to offline | ||||||
| It would be compatible with me to use metaverse in this situation | 0.926 | 0.757 | 0.888 | 0.335 | ||
| My needs would be satisfied by using metaverse | ||||||
| It would be compatible with my shopping habits to use metaverse | ||||||
| Using metaverse would be compatible with my lifestyle | ||||||
| Using metaverse for shopping would be hard | 0.947 | 0.817 | 0.924 | 0.421 | ||
| I think it would be tough to learn how to use the metaverse | ||||||
| I believe using metaverse would be cumbersome to use | ||||||
| Using metaverse for shopping would be easy | ||||||
| Metaverse provides me with a temporary escape from the real environment | 0.877 | 0.664 | 0.852 | 0.570 | ||
| When using metaverse, I do not realize how time passes | ||||||
| While using metaverse, I am not distracted easily by other things | ||||||
| When using metaverse, I frequently forget the work I must do | ||||||
| I often act without thinking through the alternatives | 0.906 | 0.658 | 0.892 | 0.469 | ||
| I deny things that are bad for myself | ||||||
| I do a few things that are awful for me, if they are fun | ||||||
| I spend too much money | ||||||
| I change my mind fairly often | ||||||
| You have experienced that you were NOT on top of things because of the metaverse | 0.906 | 0.660 | 0.886 | 0.469 | ||
| You have lost confidence in your ability to perform well using Metaverse | ||||||
| You have been distressed because something happened unusually when using Metaverse | ||||||
| You have sensed that you were incapable to control the metaverse as well as you want | ||||||
| You have felt nervous and “stressed” because of the metaverse | ||||||
| I purchase things according to how I sense at the moment | 0.952 | 0.798 | 0.901 | 0.421 | ||
| “I see it, I buy it” depicts me | ||||||
| “Buy now, think about it later” depicts me | ||||||
| I frequently purchase things without thinking | ||||||
| “Just do it” defines the way I pay for things | ||||||
| Several people might describe me as a shopaholic | 0.937 | 0.715 | 0.923 | 0.570 | ||
| Buying things is a major aspect of my life | ||||||
| My closet has unopened shopping bags in it | ||||||
| I purchase things I don’t require | ||||||
| I acknowledge myself as an impulse buyer | ||||||
| I buy things I did not plan to purchase. |
Note(s):
CR: composite reliability; MSV: maximum shared variance; AVE: average variance extracted
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