Table 2

Cross-section dependence test

CDS testsBreusch-Pagan LMPesaran scaled LMPesaran CD
T-statisticP-valueT-statisticP-valueT-statisticP-value
Pre-GFC25.7450.5871−0.30130.76322.02900.0424
During-GFC12.0510.9962−2.13120.0331−0.49800.6185
Post-GFC9.55930.9995−2.46420.01370.00990.9921
Full-sample39.3340.07571.51450.12990.50590.6129

Note(s): The table presents cross-sectional dependence test results (Breusch–Pagan LM, Pesaran scaled LM and Pesaran CD) with respective p-values across Pre-, During-, Post-GFC and full-sample periods

Source(s): Authors’ own calculations

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