Table 6 Practical implications for... | Emerald Publishing

Table 6

Practical implications for enhancing job intention in the hospitality and tourism (H&T) industry

Pillar	Suggested initiatives for H&T educational institutions	Suggested initiatives for H&T businesses	Students’ self-recognition	Measurement and evaluation
Strengthening IEL and AIR (Adaptivity)	- Diversify experiential learning activities (international internships, competitions, simulations) - Integrate AI into the program (workshops, chatbot practice, AI ethics)	- Co-design the course with the school - Organize AI workshops - Provide early AI internship opportunities	Maintain reflective journals to document experiences and assess perceived job fit	Pre/post surveys on AI confidence; reflective essays; measurement of changes in career intention
Developing career identity (Adaptability)	- Integrate reflective learning activities (identity mapping, career storytelling portfolio)	Recruitment communication emphasizes identity values (creativity, culture, teamwork)	Compare personal values with job characteristics and document the evolution of career identity	Self-congruence survey before/after; identity portfolio analysis
Nurturing job passion (Adapting Response)	- Organize career talks from alumni, industry managers - Design reflection activities on memorable career moments	Participate in mentoring and build inspirational programs at work	Record and share experiences that create positive emotions with the profession	Job passion scale; reflective diary analysis; interest and motivation survey
Enhancing job intention (Adaptation Result)	- Track students from school to graduation - Support long-term career orientation	Record trainee data, track conversion to official employees	Self-assessment of commitment to the industry	Longitudinal survey (at graduation and 1 year later); compare intentions with actual behavior (job application, career retention)

Pillar	Suggested initiatives for H&T educational institutions	Suggested initiatives for H&T businesses	Students’ self-recognition	Measurement and evaluation
Strengthening IEL and AIR (Adaptivity)	- Diversify experiential learning activities (international internships, competitions, simulations) - Integrate AI into the program (workshops, chatbot practice, AI ethics)	- Co-design the course with the school - Organize AI workshops - Provide early AI internship opportunities	Maintain reflective journals to document experiences and assess perceived job fit	Pre/post surveys on AI confidence; reflective essays; measurement of changes in career intention
Developing career identity (Adaptability)	- Integrate reflective learning activities (identity mapping, career storytelling portfolio)	Recruitment communication emphasizes identity values (creativity, culture, teamwork)	Compare personal values with job characteristics and document the evolution of career identity	Self-congruence survey before/after; identity portfolio analysis
Nurturing job passion (Adapting Response)	- Organize career talks from alumni, industry managers - Design reflection activities on memorable career moments	Participate in mentoring and build inspirational programs at work	Record and share experiences that create positive emotions with the profession	Job passion scale; reflective diary analysis; interest and motivation survey
Enhancing job intention (Adaptation Result)	- Track students from school to graduation - Support long-term career orientation	Record trainee data, track conversion to official employees	Self-assessment of commitment to the industry	Longitudinal survey (at graduation and 1 year later); compare intentions with actual behavior (job application, career retention)

Source(s): Tables by authors