Table A1. Reliability and validity...

Table A1.

Reliability and validity statistics

Construct/item	Factor loading	Cronbach’s alpha (α)	Composite reliability (CR)	Average variance extracted (AVE)
Institutional support (IS)		0.86	0.89	0.68
IS1: FPO provides training	0.842
IS2: FPO provides advisory	0.815
IS3: FPO helps income	0.821
Adaptive practices (AAP)		0.84	0.88	0.62
AAP1: Crop diversification	0.785
AAP2: Water conservation	0.792
AAP3: Sustainable inputs	0.801
AAP4: Modern tools usage	0.768
Financial resilience (FR)		0.83	0.87	0.59
FR1: Savings for expenses	0.755
FR2: Use of crop insurance	0.781
FR3: Financial planning	0.762
Psychological resilience (PR)		0.85	0.88	0.65
PR1: Bounce back quickly	0.812
PR2: In charge of situation	0.795
PR3: Manage difficulties	0.808
Climate adaptability (CA)		0.87	0.90	0.70
CA1: Manage climate shocks	0.835
CA2: Informed decisions	0.841
CA3: Confidence in farming	0.832

Construct/item	Factor loading	Cronbach’s alpha (α)	Composite reliability (CR)	Average variance extracted (AVE)
Institutional support (IS)		0.86	0.89	0.68
IS1: FPO provides training	0.842
IS2: FPO provides advisory	0.815
IS3: FPO helps income	0.821
Adaptive practices (AAP)		0.84	0.88	0.62
AAP1: Crop diversification	0.785
AAP2: Water conservation	0.792
AAP3: Sustainable inputs	0.801
AAP4: Modern tools usage	0.768
Financial resilience (FR)		0.83	0.87	0.59
FR1: Savings for expenses	0.755
FR2: Use of crop insurance	0.781
FR3: Financial planning	0.762
Psychological resilience (PR)		0.85	0.88	0.65
PR1: Bounce back quickly	0.812
PR2: In charge of situation	0.795
PR3: Manage difficulties	0.808
Climate adaptability (CA)		0.87	0.90	0.70
CA1: Manage climate shocks	0.835
CA2: Informed decisions	0.841
CA3: Confidence in farming	0.832

Note(s):

Factor loadings > 0.708 indicate indicator reliability. Cronbach’s alpha > 0.70 and CR > 0.70 indicate internal consistency. AVE > 0.50 indicates convergent validity

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