Means and SD for Key Motivational Variables and Mathematics Achievement by Sex and Ethnicity
| Demographic Category | N | Identity | Utility | Self-Efficacy | Effort | Interest | IRT Number Correct |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Boys | 10,702 | 2.44 (.87) | 1.84 (64) | 2.00 (.66) | 2.10 (.75) | 2.66 (.41) | 40.17 (12.33) |
| Girls | 10,457 | 2.53 (.86) | 1.87 (.61) | 2.12 (.66) | 1.96 (.68) | 2.71 (.39) | 40.20 (11.61) |
| Am. Indian | 159 | 2.67 (.88) | 1.83 (.64) | 2.26 (.82) | 2.15 (.87) | 2.75 (.47) | 32.83 (12.48) |
| Asian | 1,650 | 2.12 (.75) | 1.77 (.60) | 1.87 (.59) | 1.93 (.70) | 2.71 (.38) | 48.33 (12.25) |
| Black | 2,171 | 2.48 (.86) | 1.66 (.61) | 1.97 (.62) | 2.05 (.77) | 2.73 (.40) | 34.53 (10.97) |
| Hispanic | 3,273 | 2.57 (.87) | 1.86 (.64) | 2.11 (.69) | 2.09 (.73) | 2.69 (.41) | 40.20 (11.36) |
| Haw/Pac. Isl. | 109 | 2.48 (.85) | 1.86 (.66) | 2.04 (.61) | 2.05 (.78) | 2.73 (.39) | 38.05 (11.73) |
| White | 11,709 | 2.5 (.87) | 1.91 (.62) | 2.09 (.69) | 2.01 (.69) | 2.67 (.39) | 41.24 (11.57) |
| Total | 21,159 | 2.48 (.86) | 1.85 (.62) | 2.06 (.66) | 2.03 (.72) | 2.68 (.40) | 40.19 (11.98) |
| Boys | 10,702 | 2.44 (.87) | 1.84 (64) | 2.00 (.66) | 2.10 (.75) | 2.66 (.41) | 40.17 (12.33) |
| Girls | 10,457 | 2.53 (.86) | 1.87 (.61) | 2.12 (.66) | 1.96 (.68) | 2.71 (.39) | 40.20 (11.61) |
| Am. Indian | 159 | 2.67 (.88) | 1.83 (.64) | 2.26 (.82) | 2.15 (.87) | 2.75 (.47) | 32.83 (12.48) |
| Asian | 1,650 | 2.12 (.75) | 1.77 (.60) | 1.87 (.59) | 1.93 (.70) | 2.71 (.38) | 48.33 (12.25) |
| Black | 2,171 | 2.48 (.86) | 1.66 (.61) | 1.97 (.62) | 2.05 (.77) | 2.73 (.40) | 34.53 (10.97) |
| Hispanic | 3,273 | 2.57 (.87) | 1.86 (.64) | 2.11 (.69) | 2.09 (.73) | 2.69 (.41) | 40.20 (11.36) |
| Haw/Pac. Isl. | 109 | 2.48 (.85) | 1.86 (.66) | 2.04 (.61) | 2.05 (.78) | 2.73 (.39) | 38.05 (11.73) |
| White | 11,709 | 2.5 (.87) | 1.91 (.62) | 2.09 (.69) | 2.01 (.69) | 2.67 (.39) | 41.24 (11.57) |
| Total | 21,159 | 2.48 (.86) | 1.85 (.62) | 2.06 (.66) | 2.03 (.72) | 2.68 (.40) | 40.19 (11.98) |
Note: Likert scales range from 1 (strongly agree) to 4 (strongly disagree). Reverse-scored items have been recomputed to be consistent. IRT number correct can be interpreted in the usual direction (higher number = more correct items).
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