Average Scores on the MMSR
| Pretest | Intermediate Test | Posttest | F | P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Shape and Organization | |||||
| Thick main branches and thin subbranches | 3.83 | 3.98 | 3.98 | 1.185 | 0.166 |
| Capitals on main branches and small letters on subbranches | 3.07 | 3.52 | 3.58 | 8.754 | 0.000*** |
| Use of color | 3.82 | 3.62 | 3.98 | 5.609 | 0.006** |
| Use of symbols, images, and abbreviations | 1.80 | 2.03 | 2.27 | 2.450 | 0.095 |
| Use of arrows and connectors | 1.07 | 1.02 | 1.27 | 4.216 | 0.020* |
| Readability | 3.03 | 3.28 | 3.57 | 6.314 | 0.003** |
| Position of key words | 3.58 | 3.62 | 3.78 | 3.281 | 0.045* |
| Radial structure | 2.85 | 3.17 | 3.48 | 11.238 | 0.000*** |
| Content | |||||
| Choice of key words | 3.12 | 3.43 | 3.63 | 14.397 | 0.000*** |
| Content coverage | 1.22 | 2.32 | 2.37 | 82.990 | 0.000*** |
| Associations | 2.95 | 3.28 | 3.42 | 10.390 | 0.000*** |
| Word choice on the main branch | 2.67 | 2.97 | 3.40 | 14.397 | 0.000*** |
| Additional Characteristics | |||||
| Number of relevant clusters | 0.05 | 0.08 | 0.40 | 5.979 | 0.004** |
| Number of main branches | 3.43 | 4.75 | 4.25 | 15.451 | 0.000*** |
| Number of relevant main branches | 2.25 | 4.07 | 3.88 | 46.298 | 0.000*** |
| •verall score (ranging from 0 to 10) | 2.72 | 5.59 | 6.38 | 125.468 | 0.000*** |
| Pretest | Intermediate Test | Posttest | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Thick main branches and thin subbranches | 3.83 | 3.98 | 3.98 | 1.185 | 0.166 |
| Capitals on main branches and small letters on subbranches | 3.07 | 3.52 | 3.58 | 8.754 | 0.000*** |
| Use of color | 3.82 | 3.62 | 3.98 | 5.609 | 0.006** |
| Use of symbols, images, and abbreviations | 1.80 | 2.03 | 2.27 | 2.450 | 0.095 |
| Use of arrows and connectors | 1.07 | 1.02 | 1.27 | 4.216 | 0.020* |
| Readability | 3.03 | 3.28 | 3.57 | 6.314 | 0.003** |
| Position of key words | 3.58 | 3.62 | 3.78 | 3.281 | 0.045* |
| Radial structure | 2.85 | 3.17 | 3.48 | 11.238 | 0.000*** |
| Choice of key words | 3.12 | 3.43 | 3.63 | 14.397 | 0.000*** |
| Content coverage | 1.22 | 2.32 | 2.37 | 82.990 | 0.000*** |
| Associations | 2.95 | 3.28 | 3.42 | 10.390 | 0.000*** |
| Word choice on the main branch | 2.67 | 2.97 | 3.40 | 14.397 | 0.000*** |
| Number of relevant clusters | 0.05 | 0.08 | 0.40 | 5.979 | 0.004** |
| Number of main branches | 3.43 | 4.75 | 4.25 | 15.451 | 0.000*** |
| Number of relevant main branches | 2.25 | 4.07 | 3.88 | 46.298 | 0.000*** |
| •verall score (ranging from 0 to 10) | 2.72 | 5.59 | 6.38 | 125.468 | 0.000*** |
Note: *p < .05.**p < .01.***p < .001.