Table 3

Multilevel regression analysis of OCB (N = 4,453)

Model 0Model 1Model 2Model 3Model 4
Intercept5.49 (0.18)***1.77 (0.42) ***1.55 (0.02)*1.45 (0.66)*1.75 (0.88)*
Remote working     
Never = ref     
Sometimes 0.51 (0.14)***0.51 (0.14)***0.69 (0.53)0.51 (0.14)***
Often 0.52 (0.14)***0.52 (0.14) ***1.13 (0.56)*0.52 (0.14)***
Daily 0.88 (0.19) ***0.88 (0.19) ***1.18 (0.65)0.88 (0.19)***
Team social cohesion 0.29 (0.03) ***0.29 (0.03) ***0.29 (0.03)***0.26 (0.07)***
Leader helping behaviour     
Not likely = ref     
Likely 0.26 (0.15)0.26 (0.15)0.26 (0.14)0.26 (0.15)
Very likely 0.76 (0.15)***0.76 (0.15)***0.76 (0.15)***0.76 (0.15)***
Public sector type     
 State owned enterprise = ref     
Government 0.29 (0.13)*0.29 (0.13)*0.29 (0.13)*0.29 (0.13)*
Other public sector −0.16 (0.12)−0.02 (0.12)−0.03 (0.12)−0.02 (0.12)
Age 0.00 (0.00)0.00 (0.00)0.00 (0.00)0.00 (0.00)
Gender (female) −0.08 (0.10)−0.08 (0.10)−0.08 (0.10)−0.08 (0.10)
Educational attainment 0.10 (0.03)**0.10 (0.03)**0.10 (0.03)***0.10 (0.03)***
Country level
Individualism (country-level)  0.00 (0.01)0.01 (0.01)0.00 (0.01)
Remote working*individualism     
Never = ref     
Daily*individualism   −0.01 (0.01) 
Often*individualism   −0.01 (0.01) 
Sometimes*individualism   −0.00 (0.01) 
Team social cohesion*individualism    0.00 (0.01)
Variance (country)0.63 (0.20)***0.66 (0.22)**0.69 (0.23)**0.70 (0.24)**0.69 (0.23)**
−2LL2265922432224402246122451

Note(s): *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001

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