Table 2

Collection of all code groups and sub-code groups

Code groupSub-code groups
Individual-level factorsCoping strategies
Wellbeing
Ability to be oneself
Long-term effects
Consumed by work
Severe effects on mental health
Constant stress and fear
Interpersonal-level factorsImpacted relationships
Co-worker relationships
Organisational-level factorsEnd of month reporting
Lack of processes, support or structure
Low pay rates
System (IT) issues
Overbooking hotel rooms and events
Sociocultural-level factorsLong hours
Lack of authority
Policy or societal-level factorsStressful experience
Positive experiences
Managers' actions and characteristics that are helpful when experiencing stressCompetent and calm
Role model
Transformative leadership style
Managers' actions and characteristics that increase stressAuthoritative leadership style
Bureaucratic leadership style
Manipulative leadership style
Micromanagement leadership style
Experience of stress through workplace cultureChanging or leaving jobs
Expectations
Business over people
Negative environment
Staffing and turnover
Unrealistic targets
Mental health literacy among managersLack of awareness
Lack of empathy
Insensitivity
Not available for the team
Lack of support
Mental health literacy in the overall workplace cultureEmphasis on MH during the COVID-19 pandemic
It is better than before – evolving
Lack of application (ticks a box currently)
Top-down approach
No exit interviews/feedback opportunities
Flexibility at work
Development and enhancement of mental health literacy for managersEnhance one's own awareness
Genuine support, trust and transparency
Recognise signs and prevent stress
Improve communication
Recommendations to enhance mental health in the workplace cultureChallenges and variations of tasks
Need for a culture shift
Improved resources
Staff wellbeing is considered a measure of success
Training and professional development
Support when staff are young
Source(s): Developed by authors

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