Table 6 R2D2/C3PO Components Updated,... | Emerald Publishing

Table 6

R2D2/C3PO Components Updated, Instructional Strategies/Learning Activities, Synchronous Tools

R2D2/C3PO Component	Instructional Strategies/Learning Activities	Synchronous Web-Conferencing Tools
Read/listening	Reading materials online or offline Creating participant manuals for each Live synchronous event Listening to audio materials online or offline Synchronous expert lectures /“Live Authors”/ presentations/tutorials Demonstrations	Downloadable participant manuals as PDF and/or Word files Downloadable audio files Downloadable video/multimedia files “Live” synchronous facilitator/faculty and “Live Author” presentation/demonstrations/lectures Facilitator/faculty tools include whiteboards, chats, application sharing, file transfer, share pods, screen sharing, PowerPoint slides, polls, and note boards for announcements, Q&A, and FAQs Links to websites
Reflect/writing/sharing	Time allocated for reflection: Prework During synchronous event Between synchronous events (multievent course) “Silent time” allowed for deep reflection In-depth reflections What was learned? How learned? How learning can be applied? Small group discussion Focus group discussion Online role play Self-assessment Online quizzes Practice	Downloadable participant manuals used to write reflections and journal Chat pods used for sharing reflections with other participants Polls used to capture self-assessment and compare anonymously with other participants Breakout rooms used for small group discussions, debates, mock trials, role play, practice with partners, and focus groups
Display	Visual representations including: pictures, diagrams, graphs, multimedia, video, charts, animations, virtual worlds, mobile technology Demonstrations Process steps Concept maps Logic steps Real-world work examples Instructor live video-based feedback of work products and student work	Downloadable participant manuals with visual representations of key concepts Facilitator/faculty “live” presentation using a share pod with a PowerPoint presentation with robust visuals to help explain concepts Visual of the facilitator/faculty presenting or demonstrating “live,” which enhances teacher presence Links to videos on YouTube, TED Talks, Khan Academy etc.
Doing	Adaptive learning Caselettes (short cases) Case studies Gaming Practice Project-based learning Collaborative group project, paper, etc. Cognitive apprenticeship Assessment	Downloadable participant manuals with case, project, collaboration, and apprenticeship instructions Live facilitator/faculty presentation, demonstration, and modeling for all activities Time allocated for reflection and Q&A Breakout rooms with whiteboards and chat pods for individual and collaborative work Polls available, when needed Breakout rooms for practice with partners or in larger groups, such as triads “Live” individual or group presentations in the main room
Coaching	Cognitive apprenticeships Scaffolding Interactive feedback	Facilitator/faculty feedback through “live” voice, chat, and private chat Peer coaching in breakouts and private chats
Conviviality	Ground rules to encourage collaboration, cooperation, and trust Consideration for instructor/facilitator workload in planning event	Participatory establishment of ground rules using “live” discussion, chats, whiteboard tools, and polls
CIT	Use CIT for immediate student feedback between instructional events	Downloadable form or anonymous poll
Planning/organization	Fast Start Quick Reference Guide Participant manual Timeline for all activities Time for reflection during event and between events Evaluation and assessment Formative Summative Facilitator instructor manual	Fast Start and Quick Reference Guides on how to use the web conferencing tools Participant manual containing content and exercise during the live session Facilitator/faculty manual with suggested timelines for all activities Reflection time built into all events Self and group assessments in polls

R2D2/C3PO Component	Instructional Strategies/Learning Activities	Synchronous Web-Conferencing Tools
Read/listening	Reading materials online or offline Creating participant manuals for each Live synchronous event Listening to audio materials online or offline Synchronous expert lectures /“Live Authors”/ presentations/tutorials Demonstrations	Downloadable participant manuals as PDF and/or Word files Downloadable audio files Downloadable video/multimedia files “Live” synchronous facilitator/faculty and “Live Author” presentation/demonstrations/lectures Facilitator/faculty tools include whiteboards, chats, application sharing, file transfer, share pods, screen sharing, PowerPoint slides, polls, and note boards for announcements, Q&A, and FAQs Links to websites
Reflect/writing/sharing	Time allocated for reflection: Prework During synchronous event Between synchronous events (multievent course) “Silent time” allowed for deep reflection In-depth reflections What was learned? How learned? How learning can be applied? Small group discussion Focus group discussion Online role play Self-assessment Online quizzes Practice	Downloadable participant manuals used to write reflections and journal Chat pods used for sharing reflections with other participants Polls used to capture self-assessment and compare anonymously with other participants Breakout rooms used for small group discussions, debates, mock trials, role play, practice with partners, and focus groups
Display	Visual representations including: pictures, diagrams, graphs, multimedia, video, charts, animations, virtual worlds, mobile technology Demonstrations Process steps Concept maps Logic steps Real-world work examples Instructor live video-based feedback of work products and student work	Downloadable participant manuals with visual representations of key concepts Facilitator/faculty “live” presentation using a share pod with a PowerPoint presentation with robust visuals to help explain concepts Visual of the facilitator/faculty presenting or demonstrating “live,” which enhances teacher presence Links to videos on YouTube, TED Talks, Khan Academy etc.
Doing	Adaptive learning Caselettes (short cases) Case studies Gaming Practice Project-based learning Collaborative group project, paper, etc. Cognitive apprenticeship Assessment	Downloadable participant manuals with case, project, collaboration, and apprenticeship instructions Live facilitator/faculty presentation, demonstration, and modeling for all activities Time allocated for reflection and Q&A Breakout rooms with whiteboards and chat pods for individual and collaborative work Polls available, when needed Breakout rooms for practice with partners or in larger groups, such as triads “Live” individual or group presentations in the main room
Coaching	Cognitive apprenticeships Scaffolding Interactive feedback	Facilitator/faculty feedback through “live” voice, chat, and private chat Peer coaching in breakouts and private chats
Conviviality	Ground rules to encourage collaboration, cooperation, and trust Consideration for instructor/facilitator workload in planning event	Participatory establishment of ground rules using “live” discussion, chats, whiteboard tools, and polls
CIT	Use CIT for immediate student feedback between instructional events	Downloadable form or anonymous poll
Planning/organization	Fast Start Quick Reference Guide Participant manual Timeline for all activities Time for reflection during event and between events Evaluation and assessment Formative Summative Facilitator instructor manual	Fast Start and Quick Reference Guides on how to use the web conferencing tools Participant manual containing content and exercise during the live session Facilitator/faculty manual with suggested timelines for all activities Reflection time built into all events Self and group assessments in polls

Source:Armstrong (2016a). Reprinted with permission from Nova Science Publishers.