Classification of CECs.
| Contaminant | Type of emissions | Source | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pharmaceutical residues | Biological active compounds (e.g., antibiotics or anti-inflammatory drugs) from human and veterinary sources | Urban (wastewater discharge) and agricultural | |
| Personal-care products (PCPs) and lifestyle compounds | Substances from personal-care purposes (e.g., shampoos, sunscreens, detergents, cosmetics, etc.) Pharmaceutics for human and veterinary purposes Sunscreens and ultraviolet filters Steroids and hormones Substances such as caffeine and nicotine | Urban (wastewater discharge) | |
| Endocrine disruption chemicals (EDCs) | Natural or synthetic chemicals found in human and animal food | Urban and agricultural (Natural chemicals found in human and animal food) | |
| Heavy metals Pesticides | Industrial compounds Agricultural substances to control plagues and unwanted vegetation | Industrial Agricultural | |
| Petroleum hydrocarbons and gasoline additives | Gasoline additives comprise more than 500 substances to, for example, improve petrol burning efficiency (octane) | Industrial | |
| Industrial additives and solvents | Some examples are mercury, lead, cadmium, thallium, or silver | Industrial (wastewater discharge) | |
| Microplastics | Plastic particles (<5mm) | Industrial and urban | |
| (wastewater discharge) | Nanomaterials | Substances used in sunscreen products, transport, healthcare, materials, energy, and information technologies | Industrial |
| Contaminant | Type of emissions | Source | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pharmaceutical residues | Biological active compounds (e.g., antibiotics or anti-inflammatory drugs) from human and veterinary sources | Urban (wastewater discharge) and agricultural | |
| Personal-care products (PCPs) and lifestyle compounds | Substances from personal-care purposes (e.g., shampoos, sunscreens, detergents, cosmetics, etc.) Pharmaceutics for human and veterinary purposes Sunscreens and ultraviolet filters Steroids and hormones Substances such as caffeine and nicotine | Urban (wastewater discharge) | |
| Endocrine disruption chemicals (EDCs) | Natural or synthetic chemicals found in human and animal food | Urban and agricultural (Natural chemicals found in human and animal food) | |
| Heavy metals Pesticides | Industrial compounds Agricultural substances to control plagues and unwanted vegetation | Industrial Agricultural | |
| Petroleum hydrocarbons and gasoline additives | Gasoline additives comprise more than 500 substances to, for example, improve petrol burning efficiency (octane) | Industrial | |
| Industrial additives and solvents | Some examples are mercury, lead, cadmium, thallium, or silver | Industrial (wastewater discharge) | |
| Microplastics | Plastic particles (<5mm) | Industrial and urban | |
| (wastewater discharge) | Nanomaterials | Substances used in sunscreen products, transport, healthcare, materials, energy, and information technologies | Industrial |
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