Table 1

Relationships between social factors and SDG

SDG no.Social factorLiterature
SDG 9Engage more local people in employmentDobson et al. (2020) 
SDG 12Promote ethical procurement by curtailing child/forced labourAndrecka (2017) 
SDG 8 and 9More opportunities for disadvantaged people and stability of employmentDobson et al. (2020), Hendiani and Bagherpour (2019), Murtagh and Brooks (2019) 
SDG 1 and 4Improve training/support for local workers skills developmentDobson et al. (2020), Popovic et al. (2018), UNEP (2016) 
SDG 8Consistency in wages payment/earned overtime within statutory timelinesPopovic et al. (2018), Andrecka (2017) 
SDG 2 and 3Other benefits to workers: maternity rest/sick leave, holidays, bonus, bus service, health insurance, lunch, etcDobson et al. (2020), Andrecka (2017), Hill and Bowen (1996), Karji et al. (2019) 
SDG 5 and 10Workforce culture that equitably reflects gender, religion, and other diversities in the local communityDobson et al. (2020), Hill and Bowen (1996) 
SDG 17Appoint the host community as a stakeholderMulholland et al. (2020), Dobson et al. (2020), Woodcraft et al. (2011), Valdes-Vasquez and Klotz (2013) 
SDG 9Employ younger individuals
SDG 17Consider other needs of local community and support themHendiani and Bagherpour (2019), Dobson et al. (2020), Xiahou et al. (2018) 
SDG 8 and 9Creating social value by buying from minority owned businessesGurmu et al. (2022), Dobson et al. (2020), Loosemore (2016) 
SDG 16Meet legal requirements, social security, insurance, pension, etcHill and Bowen (1996) 
SDG 3Personal Protective Equipment (hard hat, high-viz vest, gloves, goggles, aprons, masks, boots etc.)Gurmu et al. (2022), Popovic et al. (2018) 
SDG 3Provide first aidHill and Bowen (1996) 
SDG 15Reduce climate impactsRostamnezhad and Thaheem (2022), Gurmu et al. (2022), Dobson et al. (2020) 
SDG 13Reduce pollutionShooshtarian et al. (2020), Dobson et al. (2020) 
SDG 6 and 11Better places to liveDobson et al. (2020), Eizenberg and Jabareen (2017) 
Source(s): Authors’ own work

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