Table 5 Modified set of knowledge...

Table 5

Modified set of knowledge categories for building design decision-making

Knowledge requirement	Description
Functional requirements	Factors, if not met, will cause a functional/performance issue in a building component/system
System requirements	Details regarding the systems to which different building components belong
Material considerations	Material or choice of material used for a specific component
Clearance requirements	Clearance space given for the components for different purposes like mitigating heat exchange, controlling vibration issues, minimising conflicts etc.
Support requirements	Typical systems used to support components/how building components are supported within a structure
Insulation requirements	Insulation type and thickness of components
Space requirements	Adequate space allocations that enable effective design, installation and O&M of building components/systems without any disturbance
Accessibility requirements	Space allocated for accessing the particular tasks related to different building components/systems
Configuration	Details on arranging the components in a particular building system
Safety requirements	Factors to be considered for ensuring safety
Fabrication considerations	Factors to be considered when fabricating parts and constructing systems
Construction tolerance	Allocated space for contingencies and unpredictable differences in the dimensions of components
Construction variance	Allocated space for definite and predictable differences in the dimensions of components
Construction productivity	Factors, if not met, would decrease the construction productivity
Expandability/retrofit requirements	Allocated space for future expansions
Aesthetic considerations	Pleasing qualities in the building design
Sequencing requirements	Typical installation of components that maximise the installation efficiency
Cost requirements	Possible cost requirements that may arise when designing, installing, operating and maintaining building systems
Comfort requirements	All habitability conditions for the building users
Energy use requirements	Factors to be considered to ensure energy-efficient building performance
Sustainability considerations	Factors to be considered to ensure sustainable building operations

Knowledge requirement	Description
Functional requirements	Factors, if not met, will cause a functional/performance issue in a building component/system
System requirements	Details regarding the systems to which different building components belong
Material considerations	Material or choice of material used for a specific component
Clearance requirements	Clearance space given for the components for different purposes like mitigating heat exchange, controlling vibration issues, minimising conflicts etc.
Support requirements	Typical systems used to support components/how building components are supported within a structure
Insulation requirements	Insulation type and thickness of components
Space requirements	Adequate space allocations that enable effective design, installation and O&M of building components/systems without any disturbance
Accessibility requirements	Space allocated for accessing the particular tasks related to different building components/systems
Configuration	Details on arranging the components in a particular building system
Safety requirements	Factors to be considered for ensuring safety
Fabrication considerations	Factors to be considered when fabricating parts and constructing systems
Construction tolerance	Allocated space for contingencies and unpredictable differences in the dimensions of components
Construction variance	Allocated space for definite and predictable differences in the dimensions of components
Construction productivity	Factors, if not met, would decrease the construction productivity
Expandability/retrofit requirements	Allocated space for future expansions
Aesthetic considerations	Pleasing qualities in the building design
Sequencing requirements	Typical installation of components that maximise the installation efficiency
Cost requirements	Possible cost requirements that may arise when designing, installing, operating and maintaining building systems
Comfort requirements	All habitability conditions for the building users
Energy use requirements	Factors to be considered to ensure energy-efficient building performance
Sustainability considerations	Factors to be considered to ensure sustainable building operations

Source(s): Authors’ own work, adapted from Dasandara et al. (2025a, b)

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