Table A2

Policy documents details

Doc_IDRegionDocument_TitleYearOfficial_URLNotes
EU01EUArtificial Intelligence Act (Regulation (EU) 2024/1689)2024https://www.aiact-info.eu/full-text-and-pdf-download/Core binding AI regulation
EU02EUCoordinated Plan on Artificial Intelligence (2021 Update)2021https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/library/coordinated-plan-artificial-intelligence-2021-reviewEU AI policy coordination
EU03EUGeneral Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)2016https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:32016R0679Algorithmic decision-making rights
EU04EUPro-worker AI: levers for harnessing the potential and mitigating the risks of AI in connection with employment and labour market policies2020Opinion of the European Economic and Social Committee – Pro-worker AI: levers for harnessing the potential and mitigating the risks of AI in connection with employment and labour market policies (own-initiative opinion)AI and worker protection
EU05EUEthics Guidelines for Trustworthy AI2019Ethics Guidelines for AICore EU ethics framework
US01USBlueprint for an AI Bill of Rights2022https://marketingstorageragrs.blob.core.windows.net/webfiles/Blueprint-for-an-AI-Bill-of-Rights.pdfRights-oriented AI principles
US02USNational AI Initiative Act2020https://www.congress.gov/bill/116th-congress/house-bill/6216National AI coordination
US03USExecutive Order on Safe, Secure, and Trustworthy AI2023https://www.acc.com/sites/default/files/2024-08/2023.10.30-Executive-Order-on-the-Safe--Secure--and-Trustworthy-Development-and-Use-of-Artificial-Intelligence-_-The-White-House.pdfFederal AI governance
US04USAI Risk Management Framework2023AI Risk Management Framework | NISTProcedural AI governance
US05USGuidance on AI and Algorithmic Accountability2021Using-Artificial-Intelligence-and-Algorithms-_-Federal-Trade-Commission.pdfConsumer protection focus
CN01ChinaNew Generation Artificial Intelligence Development Plan2017https://digichina.stanford.edu/work/full-translation-chinas-new-generation-artificial-intelligence-development-plan-2017/National AI strategy
CN02ChinaAlgorithmic Recommendation Management Provisions2022https://www.chinalawtranslate.com/en/algorithms/Platform algorithm control
CN03ChinaData Security Law2021http://www.npc.gov.cn/englishnpc/c2759/c23934/202112/t20211209_385109.htmlData governance
CN04ChinaPersonal Information Protection Law2021https://digichina.stanford.edu/work/translation-personal-information-protection-law-of-the-peoples-republic-of-china-effective-nov-1-2021/Privacy and algorithm use
CN05ChinaInterim Measures for the Management of Generative AI Services2023https://cyrilla.org/api/files/1728288405530qs2ud3o27ys.pdfGenerative AI control
AU01Indo-PacificAustralia's Artificial Intelligence Ethics Framework2019https://www.industry.gov.au/publications/australias-artificial-intelligence-ethics-frameworkEstablishes voluntary ethical principles for AI development and deployment; no legal enforcement mechanisms
AU02Indo-PacificNational AI Plan2025https://www.industry.gov.au/publications/national-ai-planFocuses on coordination, industry enablement, and innovation support rather than social regulation
AU03Indo-PacificAutomation and the Future of Work2020The Future of WorkAddresses automation impacts through reskilling and workforce transition, not labour protection rights
JP01Indo-PacificAI Strategy 2019/20222019/2022AI Strategy 2022Articulates state-led coordination for AI innovation with limited social policy intervention
JP02Indo-PacificSocial Principles of Human-Centric AI2019humancentricai.pdfSets high-level ethical principles; non-binding and non-enforceable
SG01Indo-PacificModel AI Governance Framework2019https://www.pdpc.gov.sg/Help-and-Resources/2020/01/Model-AI-Governance-FrameworkVoluntary governance guidance emphasising risk management and organisational accountability
SG02Indo-PacificAI Verify Framework2022https://www.imda.gov.sg/programme-listing/ai-verifyIntroduces voluntary AI auditing and assurance tools to build market trust
IN01Indo-PacificNational Strategy for Artificial Intelligence #AIForAll2018National Strategy for Artificial IntelligenceFrames AI as a developmental and capacity-building tool; limited social protection emphasis
IN02Indo-PacificResponsible AI for All2021Approach Document for India: Part 1 - Principles for Responsible AI - OECD.AIArticulates ethical aspirations and governance principles without binding obligations
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