Marginal Effect of Voting in the 2022 Primaries (Table 1, all other variables held constant mean values)
| Condition . | Group . | Marginal Effect . |
|---|---|---|
| Nonpartisan primary (top-two or top-four) | Overall | + 0.12 |
| Republicans | + 0.124 | |
| Independents | + 0.069 | |
| Democrats | + 0.087 | |
| Open primary | Independents | + 0.021 |
| Democrats | + 0.073 | |
| Varying electoral competition | Democratic senate competition | + 0.10 |
| Republican governor competition | + 0.073 |
| Condition . | Group . | Marginal Effect . |
|---|---|---|
| Nonpartisan primary (top-two or top-four) | Overall | + 0.12 |
| Republicans | + 0.124 | |
| Independents | + 0.069 | |
| Democrats | + 0.087 | |
| Open primary | Independents | + 0.021 |
| Democrats | + 0.073 | |
| Varying electoral competition | Democratic senate competition | + 0.10 |
| Republican governor competition | + 0.073 |