Table 4

Summary table of research hypotheses, theoretical basis and empirical support

HypothesisTheoretical basisStudyResultsSupport
H1: BeReal usage → ↑ Brand selfies → ↑ Narcissism → ↑ self-brand connectionSPC + PKM + SCT1Full serial mediation confirmed (B = 0.035, 95% CI = [0.01, 0.07])Yes
H2: Candid (vs curated) posts → ↓ Ad recognitionPKM + SCT2β = −0.651, p < 0.001Yes
H3a: Ad recognition → ↑Ad irritation (for low involvement)ELM + ATM + SCT2β = 0.212, p < 0.001Yes
H3b: Ad recognition ↛ Ad irritation (for high involvement)2β = −0.033, p = 0.55Yes
H4a: Ad irritation → ↓ Brand attitude (for low involvement)DMH + ELM2β = −0.182, p < 0.001Yes
H4b: Ad irritation ↛ Brand attitude (for high involvement)2β = 0.017, p = 0.612Yes
H5: type of brand posts (candid vs curated) → Ad recognition → Irritation → Brand attitude → Purchase intentionPKM + DMH2Significant only for low-involvement (B = 0.009, 95% CI = [0.002, 0.018])Partial

Note(s): SPC – Self-Presentation Theory; PKM – Persuasion Knowledge Model; SCT - Schema Congruency Theory; ELM - Elaboration Likelihood Model; DMH - Dual Mediation Hypothesis; ATM – Affect-Transfer Mechanism

Source(s): Authors' own work

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