Climate change exposure and the costs of high leverage: Paris Agreement.
| Before Paris Agreement | After Paris Agreement | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | |
| CCEXPOt-2 × HLEVt-2 | -0.0087 (-1.35) | -0.0089 (-1.37) | -0.0079* (-1.77) | -0.0076* (-1.71) |
| CCEXPOt-2 | 0.0108*** (3.37) | 0.0109*** (3.41) | 0.0027 (0.41) | 0.0027 (0.41) |
| CSRt-2 × HLEVt-2 | 0.0091** (2.45) | 0.0043 (0.72) | ||
| CSRt-2 | -0.0096*** (-4.16) | -0.0056 (-1.03) | ||
| HLEVt-2 | -0.0238*** (-3.98) | -0.0242*** (-4.05) | 0.0045 (0.41) | 0.0041 (0.37) |
| SIZEt | 0.0660*** (8.18) | 0.0661*** (8.24) | 0.2220*** (10.57) | 0.2231*** (10.68) |
| COMPETITIONt | 0.1963 (1.23) | 0.2073 (1.30) | 0.0263 (0.04) | 0.0004 (0.00) |
| PROFITt-1 | -0.0995*** (-3.28) | -0.1002*** ( - 3.30) | -0.2158*** (-2.74) | -0.2144*** (-2.72) |
| PROFITt-2 | -0.0960*** (-2.99) | -0.0970*** (-3.03) | -0.0125 (-0.17) | -0.0113 (-0.15) |
| INVESTMENTt-i | 0.0539 (0.71) | 0.0523 (0.69) | 0.0859 (0.36) | 0.0787 (0.33) |
| INVESTMENT t-2 | -0.0224 (-0.28) | -0.0220 (-0.28) | 0.0412 (0.18) | 0.0371 (0.17) |
| SELLEXPt-1 | 0.0914** (2.36) | 0.0912** (2.35) | 0.2130* (1.75) | 0.2139* (1.75) |
| SELLEXPt-2 | 0.0293 (0.94) | 0.0287 (0.92) | 0.0353 (0.52) | 0.0381 (0.56) |
| COGSt-1 | -0.3420*** (-10.42) | -0.3438*** (-10.51) | -0.4536*** (-6.57) | -0.4538*** (-6.57) |
| COGSt-2 | 0.1754*** (5.80) | 0.1730*** (5.72) | 0.1358** (2.32) | 0.1352** (2.31) |
| PENALTYt-1 | -0.0010** (-2.51) | -0.0010** (-2.52) | -0.0006 (-0.85) | -0.0006 (-0.89) |
| PENALTYt-2 | -0.0010** (-2.48) | -0.0009** (-2.41) | -0.0012* (-1.84) | -0.0012* (-1.86) |
| CONSTANT | 0.0286 (0.31) | 0.0263 (0.28) | -0.1029 (-0.30) | -0.0916 (- 0.27) |
| N | 15,257 | 15,257 | 4,781 | 4,781 |
| R-squared | 21.05% | 21.16% | 19.29% | 19.33% |
| Firm F.E. | Y | Y | Y | Y |
| Year × Industry F.E. | Y | Y | Y | Y |
| Before Paris Agreement | After Paris Agreement | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | |
| -0.0087 | -0.0089 | -0.0079* | -0.0076* | |
| 0.0108*** | 0.0109*** | 0.0027 | 0.0027 | |
| 0.0091** | 0.0043 | |||
| -0.0096*** | -0.0056 | |||
| -0.0238*** | -0.0242*** | 0.0045 | 0.0041 | |
| 0.0660*** | 0.0661*** | 0.2220*** | 0.2231*** | |
| 0.1963 | 0.2073 | 0.0263 | 0.0004 | |
| -0.0995*** | -0.1002*** | -0.2158*** | -0.2144*** | |
| -0.0960*** | -0.0970*** | -0.0125 | -0.0113 | |
| 0.0539 | 0.0523 | 0.0859 | 0.0787 | |
| -0.0224 | -0.0220 | 0.0412 | 0.0371 | |
| 0.0914** | 0.0912** | 0.2130* | 0.2139* | |
| 0.0293 | 0.0287 | 0.0353 | 0.0381 | |
| -0.3420*** | -0.3438*** | -0.4536*** | -0.4538*** | |
| 0.1754*** | 0.1730*** | 0.1358** | 0.1352** | |
| -0.0010** | -0.0010** | -0.0006 | -0.0006 | |
| -0.0010** | -0.0009** | -0.0012* | -0.0012* | |
| 0.0286 | 0.0263 | -0.1029 | -0.0916 | |
| N | 15,257 | 15,257 | 4,781 | 4,781 |
| 21.05% | 21.16% | 19.29% | 19.33% | |
| Y | Y | Y | Y | |
| Y | Y | Y | Y | |
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