Table 2

Key Findings on Class Size

Author(s)YearKey Findings
Orellana2006A class size of 18.9 was perceived as optimal to better achieve the course’s actual level of interaction, and a class size of 15.9 was perceived as optimal to achieve the highest level of interaction.
Tomei2006Optimum class size is 12 for an online class
Nagel and Kotzé2010Good class size is between 12 and 30
Taft, Perkowski, & Martin2011Authors suggested ranges of course sizes associated with higher or lower levels of teaching intensity
Lowenthal, Nyland, Jung, Dunlap, & Kepka2019“The results of our inquiry reveal that faculty in this sample believe online courses with smaller enrollments are better for student learning and faculty satisfaction.. .in general, faculty perceive design, delivery, communication, and assessment as the major challenges in implementing an effective high-enrollment online course.”
Tomei & Nelson2019“The ideal class size for online teaching expanded the range from 9 students (doctoral courses) to 12 students (undergraduate) to 13 students (graduate) (p. 10).”
Taft, Kesten, &El-Banna2019Class size should be determined by educational goals. Larger classes (40+ students) work well for basic knowledge transfer, while smaller classes (15 or fewer) are better for developing advanced thinking and skills.

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