Table A4.

Technological change (Model 2)

Universityt1=2015 t2=2016t1=2016 t2=2017t1=2017 t2=2018t1=2018 t2=2019t1=2019 t2=2020t1=2020 t2=2021t1=2021 t2=2022Mean
ACU0.971.031.05*1.04*0.951.001.001.01
ANU1.051.07**0.991.021.001.081.001.03
CQU0.971.030.950.990.92**1.09***0.980.99
CDU1.14***1.020.94***1.001.031.13***0.991.04
CSU0.991.030.991.020.94**1.050.991.00
Curtin1.05*1.04**0.991.011.011.13***1.02**1.03
Deakin1.11***1.04**0.95***1.011.04**1.15***0.981.04
ECU0.971.031.011.021.04**1.07***0.991.02
Fedu0.971.031.06**1.030.981.05***0.991.02
Flin1.041.04**0.96***1.02*1.011.15***0.97*1.03
Griff1.05**1.04**0.98*1.021.021.13***1.02**1.03
JCU1.05**1.03**0.991.021.011.14***1.02*1.04
La Trobe1.031.06***0.95***1.011.04*1.15***0.991.03
Macq1.09***1.03**0.96***1.021.011.16***0.981.04
Monash1.05**1.030.981.021.001.16***0.971.03
Murd1.031.06***0.94***1.021.04**1.10***1.001.03
QUT1.05**1.04***0.96***1.021.031.13***1.01*1.03
RMIT1.011.030.95*1.000.981.08***0.971.00
SCU1.001.040.981.021.001.05**0.991.01
Swin1.11***1.010.92***0.991.011.13***0.981.02
UAdel1.031.020.981.020.991.13***0.971.02
UC1.07**1.06***0.93***1.010.981.10***0.981.02
UMelb1.021.031.021.040.981.15***0.93***1.02
UNE1.041.06***0.94***1.011.04**1.09***0.991.02
UNSW1.021.030.981.020.991.16***0.96*1.02
UoN1.05**1.03*0.991.021.011.14***1.02**1.04
UQ1.051.030.991.021.001.09**1.001.03
UniSA1.05*1.04**0.97**1.011.05**1.12***0.971.03
USQ0.971.030.971.021.04**1.10***1.001.02
USyd1.031.010.981.020.991.13***1.001.02
UTas1.06**1.04*0.96**1.011.02*1.15***0.981.03
UTS1.05**1.04**0.981.011.011.16***1.001.04
USC1.031.05**0.94***1.021.04**1.09***0.991.02
UWA1.051.07**1.001.021.001.08*1.001.03
WSU1.001.05*0.93***1.011.03**1.06***0.991.01
UOW1.10***1.020.95***1.021.011.16***0.981.03
VU1.06*1.001.031.040.971.001.001.01
Mean1.041.040.971.021.011.110.99
Note(s):

*, ** and *** significant differences from unity at 10, 5 and 1%, respectively

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