TableĀ 2

Overview of coding technique

Analytical stageCoding technique appliedPurpose of the stageOutput
Stage 1Open codingIdentification of key phrases, expressions, and meanings emerging directly from interview dataFirst-order concepts grounded in participants' accounts
Stage 2Axial codingClustering and relating first-order concepts into broader conceptual categoriesSecond-order themes reflecting patterned relationships
Stage 3Aggregate dimensionalizationAbstraction of higher-order dimensions through iterative comparison and reflexive interpretationAggregate dimensions suitable for model development
Cross-stage procedureIterative and non-linear refinementIdentification of reciprocal relationships rather than linear causal linksCoherent and internally consistent dimensional structure

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