Table 1. Factor loadings of measurement...

Table 1.

Factor loadings of measurement items

		Component
Items		1	2	3	4	5
EXPLORA3	We experiment with new products and services in our local market	−0.476	0.157	0.830	−0.277	−0.202
EXPLORA4	We commercialise products and services that are completely new to our company	−0.413	0.118	0.894	−0.324	−0.308
EXPLORA5	We frequently use new opportunities in new markets	−0.543	0.251	0.872	−0.577	−0.193
EXPLORA6	Our unit/branch/department/company regularly uses new distribution channels	−0.530	0.237	0.794	−0.427	−0.108
EXPLORA7	We regularly search for and approach new clients in new markets	−0.240	0.192	0.724	−0.601	0.035
EXPLOIT2	We regularly implement small adaptations to existing products and services	0.313	−0.076	−0.483	0.831	0.201
EXPLOIT4	We improve our provision’s efficiency of products and services	0.349	−0.168	−0.423	0.827	0.053
EXPLOIT5	We increase economies of scales in existing markets	0.504	−0.169	−0.471	0.720	0.217
EXPLOIT7	Lowering the costs of internal processes is an important objective	0.150	0.059	−0.167	0.712	0.150
The performance of your business over the past year relative to your major competitors
FINP1	Business profitability	0.937	−0.110	−0.449	0.358	0.231
FINP2	Return on investment (ROI)	0.959	−0.158	−0.451	0.345	0.145
FINP3	Return on sales (ROS)	0.931	−0.134	−0.488	0.304	0.222
FINP4	Reaching financial goals	0.880	−0.202	−0.563	0.407	0.279
In your major industry in Sri Lanka
ENVI1	The speed of technological change is very high	0.275	−0.251	−0.302	0.303	0.828
ENVI2	Consumer demographics are changing fast	0.054	0.044	−0.110	0.156	0.897
ENVI6	Industry-wide spending on advertising has been increasing	0.359	0.002	−0.201	0.036	0.753
CEND1	There can be little action taken here until a supervisor approves a decision	−0.275	0.793	0.116	−0.163	−0.119
CEND2	A person who wants to make his/her own decisions would be quickly discouraged	−0.112	0.803	0.135	−0.134	0.020
CEND3	We have to obtain permission from top management even for decisions related to small matters	−0.146	0.863	0.194	−0.175	0.012
CEND4	Workers of functional departments always need to obtain permission from their functional managers (marketing/finance etc) before taking any actions related to organisational matters	0.044	0.825	0.248	0.116	−0.018
CEND5	Most decisions people make here have to have their immediate boss’s/supervisor’s approval	−0.061	0.775	0.153	0.030	−0.093

		Component
Items		1	2	3	4	5
EXPLORA3	We experiment with new products and services in our local market	−0.476	0.157	0.830	−0.277	−0.202
EXPLORA4	We commercialise products and services that are completely new to our company	−0.413	0.118	0.894	−0.324	−0.308
EXPLORA5	We frequently use new opportunities in new markets	−0.543	0.251	0.872	−0.577	−0.193
EXPLORA6	Our unit/branch/department/company regularly uses new distribution channels	−0.530	0.237	0.794	−0.427	−0.108
EXPLORA7	We regularly search for and approach new clients in new markets	−0.240	0.192	0.724	−0.601	0.035
EXPLOIT2	We regularly implement small adaptations to existing products and services	0.313	−0.076	−0.483	0.831	0.201
EXPLOIT4	We improve our provision’s efficiency of products and services	0.349	−0.168	−0.423	0.827	0.053
EXPLOIT5	We increase economies of scales in existing markets	0.504	−0.169	−0.471	0.720	0.217
EXPLOIT7	Lowering the costs of internal processes is an important objective	0.150	0.059	−0.167	0.712	0.150
The performance of your business over the past year relative to your major competitors
FINP1	Business profitability	0.937	−0.110	−0.449	0.358	0.231
FINP2	Return on investment (ROI)	0.959	−0.158	−0.451	0.345	0.145
FINP3	Return on sales (ROS)	0.931	−0.134	−0.488	0.304	0.222
FINP4	Reaching financial goals	0.880	−0.202	−0.563	0.407	0.279
In your major industry in Sri Lanka
ENVI1	The speed of technological change is very high	0.275	−0.251	−0.302	0.303	0.828
ENVI2	Consumer demographics are changing fast	0.054	0.044	−0.110	0.156	0.897
ENVI6	Industry-wide spending on advertising has been increasing	0.359	0.002	−0.201	0.036	0.753
CEND1	There can be little action taken here until a supervisor approves a decision	−0.275	0.793	0.116	−0.163	−0.119
CEND2	A person who wants to make his/her own decisions would be quickly discouraged	−0.112	0.803	0.135	−0.134	0.020
CEND3	We have to obtain permission from top management even for decisions related to small matters	−0.146	0.863	0.194	−0.175	0.012
CEND4	Workers of functional departments always need to obtain permission from their functional managers (marketing/finance etc) before taking any actions related to organisational matters	0.044	0.825	0.248	0.116	−0.018
CEND5	Most decisions people make here have to have their immediate boss’s/supervisor’s approval	−0.061	0.775	0.153	0.030	−0.093

Note(s):

Extraction method: Principal component analysis. Rotation method: Promax with Kaiser normalisation. Rotation converged in five iterations. Key: EXPLORA: exploratory innovation, EXPLOI: exploitative innovation, FINP: financial firm performance, ENV: environmental dynamism; CEND: centralisation

Source(s): Authors’ own work

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