Overview of CS user characteristics, breakdown by selected articles
| Spatial category | Year | Author | Age (in years) | Gender male female | Profession | Industry | Education | |||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Employees and remote workers | Freelancers | Entrepreneurs | Start-ups | Small and midsized organizations | Retired | Unemployed | Students | Digital nomads | Information technology | Creative | Education | Management and business | Architecture | Author and translation | Health | Law | Tourism and hospitality | Science | Marketing and sales | Low education (pre-university) | High education (bachelor’s or higher) | |||||
| Urban | 2023 | Pan et al. | x | x | x | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 2023 | Rådman et al. | 25–34 | x | x | x | x | x | x | ||||||||||||||||||
| 2022 | Ayodele et al. | 20–29 | 75.6% 24.4% | x | x | x | x | 22.2% | 77.8% | |||||||||||||||||
| 2022 | Clifton and Reuschke | > 35 | "more women than men" | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | |||||||||||
| 2022 | Konecka-Szydłowska and Czupich | "young people" (p. 293) | x | x | x | x | ||||||||||||||||||||
| 2021 | Appel-Meulenbroek et al. | av. 29 (CZ) av. 33 (GER) av. 35 (NL) | 52.0% (CZ) 48.0% (CZ) 57.0% (GER) 43.0% (GER) 68.0% (NL) 32.0% (NL) | x | x | x | x | x | x | 0% (CZ) 8% (GER) 14% (NL) | 100% (CZ) 92% (GER) 86% (NL) | |||||||||||||||
| 2021 | Buchnik and Frenkel | av. 31.5 | 64.0% 36.0% | x | x | x | x | x | x | 26.0% | 74.0% | |||||||||||||||
| 2021 | Cruz et al. | 32–38 | 57.1% 42.9% | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | |||||||||||
| 2021 | Lashani and Zacher | av. 35.7 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2021 | Rodríguez-Modroño | av. 32.5 | 0% 100% | x | x | x | x | x | ||||||||||||||||||
| 2020 | Grazian | "very young" (p. 1005) | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | ||||||||||||||||
| 2020 | Rese et al. | < 40 | 50.0% 50.0% | x | x | x | ||||||||||||||||||||
| 2020 | Zhao et al. | 25–40 | 67.0% 33.0% | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | ||||||||||||
| 2019 | Walden | av. 31.7 | 65.2%* 34.8%* | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | ||||||||||||||||
| 2017 | Brown | 36.8% 63.2% | x | x | x | x | x | 15.8% | 84.2% | |||||||||||||||||
| Total (#) urban | 12 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 6 | 5 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 7 | 7 | 3 | 8 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 7 | 4 | 5 | ||
| Non-urban | 2022 | Flipo et al. | 26–55 | 51% 49% | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | ||||||||||||||
| 2022 | Konecka-Szydłowska and Czupich | x | x | x | x | x | x | |||||||||||||||||||
| 2021 | Hölzel and de Vries | "age distribution is broader" (p. 12) | x | x | x | x | ||||||||||||||||||||
| 2021 | Merrell et al. | x | x | x | x | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 2020 | Tremblay and Scaillerez | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total (#) non-urban | 2 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Spatial category | Year | Author | Age (in years) | Gender male female | Profession | Industry | Education | |||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Employees and remote workers | Freelancers | Entrepreneurs | Start-ups | Small and midsized organizations | Retired | Unemployed | Students | Digital nomads | Information technology | Creative | Education | Management and business | Architecture | Author and translation | Health | Law | Tourism and hospitality | Science | Marketing and sales | Low education (pre-university) | High education (bachelor’s or higher) | |||||
| Urban | 2023 | Pan | x | x | x | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 2023 | Rådman | 25–34 | x | x | x | x | x | x | ||||||||||||||||||
| 2022 | Ayodele | 20–29 | 75.6% 24.4% | x | x | x | x | 22.2% | 77.8% | |||||||||||||||||
| 2022 | Clifton and Reuschke | > 35 | "more women than men" | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | |||||||||||
| 2022 | Konecka-Szydłowska and Czupich | "young people" (p. 293) | x | x | x | x | ||||||||||||||||||||
| 2021 | Appel-Meulenbroek | av. 29 ( | 52.0% ( | x | x | x | x | x | x | 0% ( | 100% ( | |||||||||||||||
| 2021 | Buchnik and Frenkel | av. 31.5 | 64.0% 36.0% | x | x | x | x | x | x | 26.0% | 74.0% | |||||||||||||||
| 2021 | Cruz | 32–38 | 57.1% 42.9% | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | |||||||||||
| 2021 | Lashani and Zacher | av. 35.7 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2021 | Rodríguez-Modroño | av. 32.5 | 0% 100% | x | x | x | x | x | ||||||||||||||||||
| 2020 | Grazian | "very young" (p. 1005) | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | ||||||||||||||||
| 2020 | Rese | < 40 | 50.0% 50.0% | x | x | x | ||||||||||||||||||||
| 2020 | Zhao | 25–40 | 67.0% 33.0% | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | ||||||||||||
| 2019 | Walden | av. 31.7 | 65.2%* 34.8%* | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | ||||||||||||||||
| 2017 | Brown | 36.8% 63.2% | x | x | x | x | x | 15.8% | 84.2% | |||||||||||||||||
| Total (#) urban | 12 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 6 | 5 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 7 | 7 | 3 | 8 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 7 | 4 | 5 | ||
| Non-urban | 2022 | Flipo | 26–55 | 51% 49% | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | ||||||||||||||
| 2022 | Konecka-Szydłowska and Czupich | x | x | x | x | x | x | |||||||||||||||||||
| 2021 | Hölzel and de Vries | "age distribution is broader" (p. 12) | x | x | x | x | ||||||||||||||||||||
| 2021 | Merrell | x | x | x | x | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 2020 | Tremblay and Scaillerez | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total (#) non-urban | 2 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | ||
*Authors calculated the percentages based on absolute numbers given
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