Table 2 PLS-SEM analysis criteria... | Emerald Publishing

Table 2

PLS-SEM analysis criteria

Analysis stage	Acceptance criteria	Sources
1. Measurement Model Assessment	- Cronbach's alpha ≥0.7 (acceptable reliability) - Composite Reliability (CR) ≥ 0.7 - AVE ≥0.5 - Factor Loadings ≥0.7 (acceptable) - VIF <5 (no multicollinearity) - f² values > 0.02 (small effect) - q² values > 0.02 (predictive relevance)	Fornell and Larcker (1981), Henseler et al. (2015), Hair et al. (2012)
2. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM)	- R² (Coefficient of Determination) > 0.1 (significant effect) - Path coefficients (β) with p-values <0.05 (statistical significance) - IPMA: Importance values above 0.2 (relevant impact)	Hair et al. (2012), Ringle and Sarstedt (2016)
4. Model Fit Assessment	- SRMR ≤0.08 (Good Fit) - R² (Coefficient of Determination) > 0.1	Hair et al. (2012), Sarstedt et al. (2020)

Analysis stage	Acceptance criteria	Sources
1. Measurement Model Assessment	- Cronbach's alpha ≥0.7 (acceptable reliability) - Composite Reliability (CR) ≥ 0.7 - AVE ≥0.5 - Factor Loadings ≥0.7 (acceptable) - VIF <5 (no multicollinearity) - f² values > 0.02 (small effect) - q² values > 0.02 (predictive relevance)	Fornell and Larcker (1981), Henseler et al. (2015), Hair et al. (2012)
2. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM)	- R² (Coefficient of Determination) > 0.1 (significant effect) - Path coefficients (β) with p-values <0.05 (statistical significance) - IPMA: Importance values above 0.2 (relevant impact)	Hair et al. (2012), Ringle and Sarstedt (2016)
4. Model Fit Assessment	- SRMR ≤0.08 (Good Fit) - R² (Coefficient of Determination) > 0.1	Hair et al. (2012), Sarstedt et al. (2020)

Source(s): Authors’ own work