Posttest performance by AI tool used, with ANOVA comparisons (N = 92)
| Metric | ChatGPT (n ≈ 30) | Gamma (n ≈ 31) | Autopilot (n ≈ 31) | ANOVAF(2,89) | p | Partial η2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ease of use | 1.6 (0.6) | 1.0 (0.7) | 1.4 (0.8) | 4.67 | 0.012 | 0.1 |
| Accuracy | 1.5 (0.7) | 1.2 (0.8) | 1.3 (0.9) | 5.23 | 0.007 | 0.11 |
| Citation adherence | 1.3 (0.7) | 1.2 (0.6) | 1.3 (0.7) | 1.2 | 0.307 | 0.03 |
| Metric | ChatGPT (n ≈ 30) | Gamma (n ≈ 31) | Autopilot (n ≈ 31) | Partial η | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ease of use | 1.6 (0.6) | 1.0 (0.7) | 1.4 (0.8) | 4.67 | 0.012 | 0.1 |
| Accuracy | 1.5 (0.7) | 1.2 (0.8) | 1.3 (0.9) | 5.23 | 0.007 | 0.11 |
| Citation adherence | 1.3 (0.7) | 1.2 (0.6) | 1.3 (0.7) | 1.2 | 0.307 | 0.03 |
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