ARDL bound test results
| Significance level | Lower bound I(0) | Upper bound I(1) |
|---|---|---|
| Estimated Model: lnCO2 = f(lnGDP, lnGDP2, lnGDP3, lnEU, lnTO) | ||
| Lag length: (4,1,1,1,4,2) | ||
| F-statistics | 5.959*** | |
| Critical values | ||
| 1% | 3.06 | 4.15 |
| 5% | 2.39 | 3.38 |
| 10% | 2.08 | 3 |
| Estimated Model: lnCO2 = f(lnGDP*lnTO, lnGDP2*lnTO, lnGDP3*lnTO, lnEU*lnTO) | ||
| Lag length: (4,2,2,2,2) | ||
| F-statistics | 5.255*** | |
| Critical values | ||
| 1% | 3.29 | 4.37 |
| 5% | 2.56 | 3.49 |
| 10% | 2.2 | 3.09 |
| Significance level | Lower bound I(0) | Upper bound I(1) |
|---|---|---|
| Lag length: (4,1,1,1,4,2) | ||
| 5.959*** | ||
| 1% | 3.06 | 4.15 |
| 5% | 2.39 | 3.38 |
| 10% | 2.08 | 3 |
| Lag length: (4,2,2,2,2) | ||
| 5.255*** | ||
| 1% | 3.29 | 4.37 |
| 5% | 2.56 | 3.49 |
| 10% | 2.2 | 3.09 |
Note(s): Asterisks *** indicate significant at 1% percent
Source(s): Authors’ work
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