Table 2. Description of transaction... | Emerald Publishing

Table 2.

Description of transaction costs observed in the chain, factors that generate them and the possibility of insertion of 4.0 technologies with medium relevance

TC construct	Source of TC	Reduction of TC using 4.0 technologies	Relevance
Time/place specificity	Postharvest spoilage; monitoring costs, product exposure to uncontrolled conditions	Blockchain and RFID Sensing (Putri et al., 2020): monitoring and real-time update on Blockchain networks. Shared databases with auditable resources to control mobility of inputs (Greve et al., 2018)	Medium
Renegotiation costs	Update contracts and define new clauses, legal fees and new prices	SCs with automatic correction of taxes (Raimondi, 2022); minimize malicious and accidental exceptions (Greve et al., 2018); facilitate assembly and self-execution of complex contracts, terms open to everyone in the network; contribute to social responsibility by preventing fraudulent transactions (Upadhyay et al., 2021)	Medium
Quality control management (final product)	Inspection costs and investment in quality measurement methods	Blockchain as a storage bank for quality tests. Data available on the blockchain network worldwide prevents data falsification and theft (Raimondi, 2022)	Medium

TC construct	Source of TC	Reduction of TC using 4.0 technologies	Relevance
Time/place specificity	Postharvest spoilage; monitoring costs, product exposure to uncontrolled conditions	Blockchain and RFID Sensing (Putri et al., 2020): monitoring and real-time update on Blockchain networks. Shared databases with auditable resources to control mobility of inputs (Greve et al., 2018)	Medium
Renegotiation costs	Update contracts and define new clauses, legal fees and new prices	SCs with automatic correction of taxes (Raimondi, 2022); minimize malicious and accidental exceptions (Greve et al., 2018); facilitate assembly and self-execution of complex contracts, terms open to everyone in the network; contribute to social responsibility by preventing fraudulent transactions (Upadhyay et al., 2021)	Medium
Quality control management (final product)	Inspection costs and investment in quality measurement methods	Blockchain as a storage bank for quality tests. Data available on the blockchain network worldwide prevents data falsification and theft (Raimondi, 2022)	Medium

Source(s): Authors’ own work