Table 3

HTMT results

DPCDLDMT0SE
DPC    
DL0.578   
DMT0.7500.708  
OSE0.6310.6800.737 

Note(s): 1. HTMT values < 0.85 indicate discriminant validity between constructs

2. HTMT values > 0.85 may indicate issues with discriminant validity

Source(s): Field data using SmartPLS 4 (2025)

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