Table 1 Measurement items and...

Table 1

Measurement items and performance of the PHSM-CX measurement model

Dimension name, definition and items	PLS loading		t-values (item ← Dimension)		t-values (dimension → PHSM-CX)
Study 2 n = 268 and Study 3 n = 304	Study 2	Study 3	Study 2	Study 3	Study 2	Study 3
Community voluntarism: Vock et al. (2013)					24.11	30.46
I assist other members with finding what they are looking for	0.798	0.884	27.50	64.80
I use my knowledge and experience to make valuable contributions on the page	0.730	0.886	15.79	69.77
I help other members find health information related to their needs	0.877	0.892	55.90	74.09
Shared language: Zhou (2022)					19.35	25.02
I understand the communication in their messages on social media posts	0.810	0.833	23.65	38.28
I recognise the language they used during their discussions on social media posts	0.858	0.863	41.90	42.59
I understand the visual communication in their discussions on social media posts, e.g. use of emojis, gifs, memes	0.801	0.867	27.07	52.35
Shared vision: Meek et al. (2019)					18.23	28.64
I see a shared vision of helping other members in their health journey	0.838	0.834	38.94	40.67
I understand how members share the same goal of learning	0.832	0.866	33.12	55.57
I observe members share a similar vision on the purpose of the page	0.788	0.859	22.80	55.84
Social Presence: Shi, Chen and Chow (2016)					14.79	29.05
I develop a sense of human contact with other members	0.856	0.876	46.16	61.42
I observe a sense of personalness with other members	0.865	0.865	36.44	56.74
I notice a sense of sociability with other members	0.896	0.872	50.14	55.89
Learning Benefit					14.26	20.21
It is easy to use for enhancing my health-related knowledge	0.827	0.848	26.29	36.60
It is easy for me to learn about health treatment and self-help tools	0.875	0.889	45.88	64.55
It is simple for me to become more knowledgeable about my health	0.795	0.839	23.41	40.81

Dimension name, definition and items	PLS loading		t-values (item ← Dimension)		t-values (dimension → PHSM-CX)
Study 2 n = 268 and Study 3 n = 304	Study2	Study3	Study2	Study 3	Study2	Study3
Community voluntarism: Vock et al. (2013)					24.11	30.46
I assist other members with finding what they are looking for	0.798	0.884	27.50	64.80
I use my knowledge and experience to make valuable contributions on the page	0.730	0.886	15.79	69.77
I help other members find health information related to their needs	0.877	0.892	55.90	74.09
Shared language: Zhou (2022)					19.35	25.02
I understand the communication in their messages on social media posts	0.810	0.833	23.65	38.28
I recognise the language they used during their discussions on social media posts	0.858	0.863	41.90	42.59
I understand the visual communication in their discussions on social media posts, e.g. use of emojis, gifs, memes	0.801	0.867	27.07	52.35
Shared vision: Meek et al. (2019)					18.23	28.64
I see a shared vision of helping other members in their health journey	0.838	0.834	38.94	40.67
I understand how members share the same goal of learning	0.832	0.866	33.12	55.57
I observe members share a similar vision on the purpose of the page	0.788	0.859	22.80	55.84
Social Presence: Shi, Chen and Chow (2016)					14.79	29.05
I develop a sense of human contact with other members	0.856	0.876	46.16	61.42
I observe a sense of personalness with other members	0.865	0.865	36.44	56.74
I notice a sense of sociability with other members	0.896	0.872	50.14	55.89
Learning Benefit					14.26	20.21
It is easy to use for enhancing my health-related knowledge	0.827	0.848	26.29	36.60
It is easy for me to learn about health treatment and self-help tools	0.875	0.889	45.88	64.55
It is simple for me to become more knowledgeable about my health	0.795	0.839	23.41	40.81

Note(s): Survey questions started with this prompt: Thinking about your recent experiences with the public health social media communities, please answer the following questions

Source(s): Authors’ own creation/work

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