An example of coding
| Initial coding | Sub-themes | Theme |
|---|---|---|
| Digital goal-oriented mindset | Digital mindset and awareness | Digital transformational leadership |
| Innovative and adaptive mindset in digital context | ||
| Awareness of the benefits and effectiveness of DT | ||
| Strategic digital vision | Digital vision | |
| Digital vision for short- and long-term growth | ||
| Strategic thinking on DT roadmap | ||
| Ability to inspire and guide collective action | Inspirational and motivational leadership | |
| Visionary leadership for building organisational consensus | ||
| Positive influence and direction toward employees' digital engagement | ||
| Motivating employees to support digital initiatives | Commitment and determination | |
| Persuading employees to engage in early stage DT | ||
| Determination in DT pursuit | ||
| Leadership willpower and commitment to change | ||
| Delegating tasks and empowering employees | Empowering leadership | |
| Incorporating employees' opinions into digital decision-making | ||
| Effectively identifying, allocating, and leveraging resources | Resource leveraging and optimisation capability | |
| Assessing the alignment between current capabilities and transformation requirements | ||
| The central decision-making role of leader | Centralised decision-making | Owner-centric leadership |
| A decision-making process concentrated at top management level | ||
| Rapid decision-making driven by the personal will of leader | ||
| Personalised influence on DT orientation, with owner direct control | Personalised influence | |
| Strategic thinking reflects personal characteristics of business owner |
| Initial coding | Sub-themes | Theme |
|---|---|---|
| Digital goal-oriented mindset | Digital mindset and awareness | Digital transformational leadership |
| Innovative and adaptive mindset in digital context | ||
| Awareness of the benefits and effectiveness of DT | ||
| Strategic digital vision | Digital vision | |
| Digital vision for short- and long-term growth | ||
| Strategic thinking on DT roadmap | ||
| Ability to inspire and guide collective action | Inspirational and motivational leadership | |
| Visionary leadership for building organisational consensus | ||
| Positive influence and direction toward employees' digital engagement | ||
| Motivating employees to support digital initiatives | Commitment and determination | |
| Persuading employees to engage in early stage DT | ||
| Determination in DT pursuit | ||
| Leadership willpower and commitment to change | ||
| Delegating tasks and empowering employees | Empowering leadership | |
| Incorporating employees' opinions into digital decision-making | ||
| Effectively identifying, allocating, and leveraging resources | Resource leveraging and optimisation capability | |
| Assessing the alignment between current capabilities and transformation requirements | ||
| The central decision-making role of leader | Centralised decision-making | Owner-centric leadership |
| A decision-making process concentrated at top management level | ||
| Rapid decision-making driven by the personal will of leader | ||
| Personalised influence on DT orientation, with owner direct control | Personalised influence | |
| Strategic thinking reflects personal characteristics of business owner |
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