Players pre- and post-education intervention changes recorded on a 5-point Likert-scale
| Question | Pre-median (aIQR) | Post-median (IQR) | Mean difference (95% bCI) | p-value | Choen’s d |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| How would you rate your knowledge around breast health issues in Rugby? | 2 (1,3) | 4 (4,4) | 1.85 (1.54,2.17) | <0.001 | 1.51 |
| How would you rate your knowledge around prevention strategies for breast pain or injury in Rugby | 1 (1,2) | 4 (4,5) | 2.23 (1.87,2.59) | <0.001 | 1.58 |
| How aware are you of the occurrence of contact breast injuries amongst female rugby players during their career? | 2 (1,2) | 4 (4,5) | 2.11 (1.78,2.45) | <0.001 | 1.62 |
| How aware are you of the occurrence of exercise-induced breast pain amongst female rugby players during their career? | 1 (1,2) | 4 (4,5) | 2.36 (2.03,2.69) | <0.001 | 1.85 |
| How aware are you of potential future health complications such as fat necrosis, hematoma or cooper ligament strains? | 1 (1,1) | 4 (4,5) | 2.78 (2.47,3.10) | <0.001 | 2.30 |
| How aware are you of implications on performance such as the inability to run comfortably or the hesitancy to engage in tackle events? | 2 (1,3) | 4 (4,5) | 2.05 (1.70,2.40) | <0.001 | 1.48 |
| How likely would you be to report breast health issues? | 2 (1,3) | 4 (4,5) | 1.33 (0.96,1.70) | <0.001 | 0.92 |
| How important do you think general breast health education is? | 5 (4,5) | 5 (5,5) | 0.31 (0.08,0.54) | 0.005 | 0.34 |
| How important do you think it is for female players to report breast health issues? | 5 (4,5) | 5 (5,5) | 0.15 (−0.12,0.42) | 0.141 | 0.14 |
| How important do you think it is for support staff to record breast health issues? | 5 (4,5) | 5 (5,5) | 0.18 (−0.07,0.43) | 0.073 | 0.18 |
| How comfortable would you be reporting breast pain or injury in general and to members of the backroom staff? | 3 (2,4) | 4 (3,4) | 0.57 (0.32,0.83) | <0.001 | 0.58 |
| How comfortable would you be to report breast pain or injury in general and to members of the backroom staff – medical support staff? | 4 (3,4) | 4 (4,5) | 0.53 (0.28,0.75) | <0.001 | 0.59 |
| How comfortable would you be to report breast pain or injury in general and to members of the backroom staff – strength and conditioning coach? | 3 (2,4) | 3 (3,4) | 0.61 (0.35,0.86) | <0.001 | 0.61 |
| How comfortable would you be to report breast pain or injury in general and to members of the backroom staff – Rugby coach? | 2 (2,3) | 3 (2,4) | 0.64 (0.41,0.87) | <0.001 | 0.71 |
| Question | Pre-median ( | Post-median (IQR) | Mean difference (95% | Choen’s | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| How would you rate your knowledge around breast health issues in Rugby? | 2 (1,3) | 4 (4,4) | 1.85 (1.54,2.17) | <0.001 | 1.51 |
| How would you rate your knowledge around prevention strategies for breast pain or injury in Rugby | 1 (1,2) | 4 (4,5) | 2.23 (1.87,2.59) | <0.001 | 1.58 |
| How aware are you of the occurrence of contact breast injuries amongst female rugby players during their career? | 2 (1,2) | 4 (4,5) | 2.11 (1.78,2.45) | <0.001 | 1.62 |
| How aware are you of the occurrence of exercise-induced breast pain amongst female rugby players during their career? | 1 (1,2) | 4 (4,5) | 2.36 (2.03,2.69) | <0.001 | 1.85 |
| How aware are you of potential future health complications such as fat necrosis, hematoma or cooper ligament strains? | 1 (1,1) | 4 (4,5) | 2.78 (2.47,3.10) | <0.001 | 2.30 |
| How aware are you of implications on performance such as the inability to run comfortably or the hesitancy to engage in tackle events? | 2 (1,3) | 4 (4,5) | 2.05 (1.70,2.40) | <0.001 | 1.48 |
| How likely would you be to report breast health issues? | 2 (1,3) | 4 (4,5) | 1.33 (0.96,1.70) | <0.001 | 0.92 |
| How important do you think general breast health education is? | 5 (4,5) | 5 (5,5) | 0.31 (0.08,0.54) | 0.005 | 0.34 |
| How important do you think it is for female players to report breast health issues? | 5 (4,5) | 5 (5,5) | 0.15 (−0.12,0.42) | 0.141 | 0.14 |
| How important do you think it is for support staff to record breast health issues? | 5 (4,5) | 5 (5,5) | 0.18 (−0.07,0.43) | 0.073 | 0.18 |
| How comfortable would you be reporting breast pain or injury in general and to members of the backroom staff? | 3 (2,4) | 4 (3,4) | 0.57 (0.32,0.83) | <0.001 | 0.58 |
| How comfortable would you be to report breast pain or injury in general and to members of the backroom staff – medical support staff? | 4 (3,4) | 4 (4,5) | 0.53 (0.28,0.75) | <0.001 | 0.59 |
| How comfortable would you be to report breast pain or injury in general and to members of the backroom staff – strength and conditioning coach? | 3 (2,4) | 3 (3,4) | 0.61 (0.35,0.86) | <0.001 | 0.61 |
| How comfortable would you be to report breast pain or injury in general and to members of the backroom staff – Rugby coach? | 2 (2,3) | 3 (2,4) | 0.64 (0.41,0.87) | <0.001 | 0.71 |
Interquartile range (IQR)
Confidence interval (CI)
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