Table 2 Constructs and assessments ....

Table 2

Constructs and assessments

	Items	Germany	Japan
Perceived Digital Stress		α = 0.90, CR = 0.89, AVE = 0.47	α = 0.92, CR = 0.91, AVE = 0.53
DS_1	Most of my friends approve of me being constantly available online	0.58	0.67
DS_2	I am nervous about how people will respond to my posts and photos	0.73	0.69
DS_3	I feel nervous about how others will respond when I post new updates on social media	0.68	0.66
DS_4	I fear my friends are having more rewarding experiences than me	0.68	0.84
DS_5	I fear that others have more rewarding experiences than me	0.66	0.81
DS_6	I have to check too many notifications	0.72	0.65
DS_7	It feels like there is always a reminder – like a flashing light or buzz – that there is some other message that I need to attend to	0.78	0.85
DS_8	I feel lost or “naked” without my phone	0.60	0.76
DS_9	I am constantly checking my phone for messages/notifications	0.74	0.60
Social Networking Site Addiction		α = 0.92, CR = 0.92, AVE = 0.71	α = 0.94, CR = 0.94, AVE = 0.77
SNSA_1	I sometimes neglect important things because of my interest in social media	0.85	0.79
SNSA_2	My social life has sometimes suffered because of me interacting with social media	0.87	0.92
SNSA_3	Using social media sometimes interfered with other activities	0.89	0.98
SNSA_4	When I am not using social media, I often feel agitated	0.84	0.84
SNSA_5	I have made unsuccessful attempts to reduce the time I interact with social media	0.74	0.85
Psychological Strain		α = 0.87, CR = 0.87, AVE = 0.68	α = 0.87, CR = 0.87, AVE = 0.69
PS_1	Difficulty in making decisions	0.79	0.76
PS_2	Feeling unable to cope	0.87	0.97
PS_3	Having difficulty concentrating	0.83	0.75
Work Performance		α = 0.91, CR = 0.92, AVE = 0.74	α = 0.96, CR = 0.97, AVE = 0.88
WP_1	On average, how often do you feel you fulfill responsibilities specified in your job description?	0.83	0.92
WP_2	On average, how often do you perform the tasks that are expected of you in your job?	0.81	0.93
WP_3	On average, how often do you feel you adequately complete assigned duties?	0.90	0.95
WP_4	On average, how often do you feel you meet formal performance requirements of your job?	0.91	0.94
Life Satisfaction		α = 0.91, CR = 0.91, AVE = 0.77	α = 0.95, CR = 0.95, AVE = 0.87
LS_1	In most ways my life is close to my ideal	0.87	0.90
LS_2	The conditions of my life are excellent	0.87	0.96
LS_3	I am satisfied with my life	0.89	0.93

	Items	Germany	Japan
Perceived Digital Stress		α = 0.90, CR = 0.89, AVE = 0.47	α = 0.92, CR = 0.91, AVE = 0.53
DS_1	Most of my friends approve of me being constantly available online	0.58	0.67
DS_2	I am nervous about how people will respond to my posts and photos	0.73	0.69
DS_3	I feel nervous about how others will respond when I post new updates on social media	0.68	0.66
DS_4	I fear my friends are having more rewarding experiences than me	0.68	0.84
DS_5	I fear that others have more rewarding experiences than me	0.66	0.81
DS_6	I have to check too many notifications	0.72	0.65
DS_7	It feels like there is always a reminder – like a flashing light or buzz – that there is some other message that I need to attend to	0.78	0.85
DS_8	I feel lost or “naked” without my phone	0.60	0.76
DS_9	I am constantly checking my phone for messages/notifications	0.74	0.60
Social Networking Site Addiction		α = 0.92, CR = 0.92, AVE = 0.71	α = 0.94, CR = 0.94, AVE = 0.77
SNSA_1	I sometimes neglect important things because of my interest in social media	0.85	0.79
SNSA_2	My social life has sometimes suffered because of me interacting with social media	0.87	0.92
SNSA_3	Using social media sometimes interfered with other activities	0.89	0.98
SNSA_4	When I am not using social media, I often feel agitated	0.84	0.84
SNSA_5	I have made unsuccessful attempts to reduce the time I interact with social media	0.74	0.85
Psychological Strain		α = 0.87, CR = 0.87, AVE = 0.68	α = 0.87, CR = 0.87, AVE = 0.69
PS_1	Difficulty in making decisions	0.79	0.76
PS_2	Feeling unable to cope	0.87	0.97
PS_3	Having difficulty concentrating	0.83	0.75
Work Performance		α = 0.91, CR = 0.92, AVE = 0.74	α = 0.96, CR = 0.97, AVE = 0.88
WP_1	On average, how often do you feel you fulfill responsibilities specified in your job description?	0.83	0.92
WP_2	On average, how often do you perform the tasks that are expected of you in your job?	0.81	0.93
WP_3	On average, how often do you feel you adequately complete assigned duties?	0.90	0.95
WP_4	On average, how often do you feel you meet formal performance requirements of your job?	0.91	0.94
Life Satisfaction		α = 0.91, CR = 0.91, AVE = 0.77	α = 0.95, CR = 0.95, AVE = 0.87
LS_1	In most ways my life is close to my ideal	0.87	0.90
LS_2	The conditions of my life are excellent	0.87	0.96
LS_3	I am satisfied with my life	0.89	0.93

Note(s): Reported values are rounded to two decimal places; unrounded values were used for all statistical analyses. CR = composite reliability, AVE = average variance extracted

Source(s): Authors’ own creation

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