Table 4

Personal barriers

BarriersDependent variableAuthor
Personal
Perceived disappointment riskRevisit intentionHu and Xu (2021) 
Fear arousal negativelyHassan and Soliman (2021) 
Fear of COVID-19 and perceived riskRather (2021b) 
Perceived RiskRamli et al. (2021) 
Perceived riskFuture travel intentionHanafiah et al. (2021) 
Perceived RiskDecision to Visit During the COVID-19 PandemicZainuddin et al. (2022) 
Perceived risk (Physical risk, equipment risk, cost risk, social risk, performance risk and psychological risk)Travel intentionJiang et al. (2022) 
Perceived avoid ability of COVID-19, Perceived susceptibility to COVID-19, Perceived severity of COVID-19Travel intention during pandemicYoo et al. (2022) 
Financial risk, time riskRevisit desireChua et al. (2021) 
Intolerance of uncertainty, Expected duration of COVID-19 pandemic, perceived COVID-19 severity, perceived probability of contracting it, age, income education leveltravel intentionsGolets et al. (2020) 
Negative emotionTravel intentionAgyeiwaah et al. (2021) 
Risk aversiontravel intentionJiang et al. (2022) 
Fear of COVID-19, risk attitude, travel anxietyTravel intentions post-crisisBhati et al. (2020) 
Perceived risk associated with COVID-19Travel evadingGupta et al. (2021) 
Perceived knowledge of COVID-19Behavioral intention for safer destination post-pandemicChua et al. (2020) 
Intrapersonal constraints, interpersonal constraintsFuture travel intention after the pandemicShin et al. (2022) 
Mental wellbeingShort-term avoidance, long-term avoidanceChua et al. (2020) 
Perceived uncertainty

or Create an Account

Close Modal
Close Modal