Instrument item
| Variables | Instrument item | References | |
|---|---|---|---|
| HRM practice | Selective staffing | How extensive is the employee selection process for a job in this unit? (e.g. use of tests, interviews, etc.) | Snell and Dean (1992) |
| How important is it to select the best person for a given job? | |||
| In general, how long does it take to select someone for a position in this unit once the job becomes open? | |||
| How many people are involved in the selection decision? | |||
| How much money is generally spent in selecting people for a job? | |||
| How many applicants are screened for each person hired for a job? | |||
| How much importance is placed on the staffing process in this unit? | |||
| Comprehensive training | How extensive is the training process for members of your work unit? | ||
| How much priority is placed on training employees in your unit? | |||
| How formal or structured is the training process? | |||
| What percentage of people have received training this past year? | |||
| On average, how many hours of formal training does a typical member of your work unit receive per year? | |||
| How many different kinds of training programs are available for members of your work unit to attend? | |||
| How much money is spent on training individuals in your work unit? | |||
| Do you feel training is viewed as a cost or as an investment? | |||
| Developmental performance appraisal | How much effort is given to measuring employee performance? | ||
| How would you describe the performance standards in your unit? | |||
| How much do employees participate in goal setting and appraisal? | |||
| How often is performance discussed with employees? | |||
| Do discussions focus on present performance or future performance? | |||
| When performance is discussed, how much emphasis is placed on finding avenues of personal development for an employee? | |||
| How closely are raises, promotions, etc., tied to performance appraisal? | |||
| How would you describe the approach used to discuss performance? | |||
| How many people provide input to the performance evaluation of each employee? | |||
| Equitable reward system | How would you rate pay levels in this unit relative to other firms? | ||
| How would you rate the pay levels in this unit relative to past years? | |||
| The wages in this work unit are not very competitive in this industry | |||
| How much emphasis is placed on paying people in this work unit what they would be paid on similar jobs in other companies? | |||
| How closely is pay tied to individual performance? | |||
| How wide is the range in pay across members in this work unit? | |||
| To what extent do differences in pay across members of this work unit represent differences in their contribution? | |||
| To what extent are people paid what they are worth compared to others in the work unit? | |||
| Developer experience | Developers are intrigued when they use the platform | Lee and Pan (2021) | |
| The platform is attractive | |||
| Developers get a positive feeling from the platform | |||
| Developers feel value from the platform | |||
| Innovative behavior | You search out new technologies, processes, techniques, and/or product ideas | Scott and Bruce’s (1994) | |
| You generate creative ideas | |||
| You promote and champion ideas to others | |||
| You investigate and secure funds needed to implement new ideas | |||
| You develop adequate plans and schedules for the implementation of new ideas | |||
| You are innovative | |||
| Gender | Please indicate your gender | ||
| Age | What is your age? | ||
| Work experience | How long have you worked at your current organization? | ||
| Educational level | What is your job title? | ||
| Variables | Instrument item | References | |
|---|---|---|---|
| HRM practice | Selective staffing | How extensive is the employee selection process for a job in this unit? (e.g. use of tests, interviews, etc.) | |
| How important is it to select the best person for a given job? | |||
| In general, how long does it take to select someone for a position in this unit once the job becomes open? | |||
| How many people are involved in the selection decision? | |||
| How much money is generally spent in selecting people for a job? | |||
| How many applicants are screened for each person hired for a job? | |||
| How much importance is placed on the staffing process in this unit? | |||
| Comprehensive training | How extensive is the training process for members of your work unit? | ||
| How much priority is placed on training employees in your unit? | |||
| How formal or structured is the training process? | |||
| What percentage of people have received training this past year? | |||
| On average, how many hours of formal training does a typical member of your work unit receive per year? | |||
| How many different kinds of training programs are available for members of your work unit to attend? | |||
| How much money is spent on training individuals in your work unit? | |||
| Do you feel training is viewed as a cost or as an investment? | |||
| Developmental performance appraisal | How much effort is given to measuring employee performance? | ||
| How would you describe the performance standards in your unit? | |||
| How much do employees participate in goal setting and appraisal? | |||
| How often is performance discussed with employees? | |||
| Do discussions focus on present performance or future performance? | |||
| When performance is discussed, how much emphasis is placed on finding avenues of personal development for an employee? | |||
| How closely are raises, promotions, etc., tied to performance appraisal? | |||
| How would you describe the approach used to discuss performance? | |||
| How many people provide input to the performance evaluation of each employee? | |||
| Equitable reward system | How would you rate pay levels in this unit relative to other firms? | ||
| How would you rate the pay levels in this unit relative to past years? | |||
| The wages in this work unit are not very competitive in this industry | |||
| How much emphasis is placed on paying people in this work unit what they would be paid on similar jobs in other companies? | |||
| How closely is pay tied to individual performance? | |||
| How wide is the range in pay across members in this work unit? | |||
| To what extent do differences in pay across members of this work unit represent differences in their contribution? | |||
| To what extent are people paid what they are worth compared to others in the work unit? | |||
| Developer experience | Developers are intrigued when they use the platform | ||
| The platform is attractive | |||
| Developers get a positive feeling from the platform | |||
| Developers feel value from the platform | |||
| Innovative behavior | You search out new technologies, processes, techniques, and/or product ideas | ||
| You generate creative ideas | |||
| You promote and champion ideas to others | |||
| You investigate and secure funds needed to implement new ideas | |||
| You develop adequate plans and schedules for the implementation of new ideas | |||
| You are innovative | |||
| Gender | Please indicate your gender | ||
| Age | What is your age? | ||
| Work experience | How long have you worked at your current organization? | ||
| Educational level | What is your job title? | ||
Source(s): Table by author
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