Table 5

The Herfindahl–Hirschman index analysis

HHINumber of different measurement unitsMost used unit of measurementRecommended units of measurement
KPI201820212018202120182021
E1 energy consumption2,2242,448 ↑86 ↓kWhkWhMWh
E2 Water consumption5,1367,216 ↑22 = m3m3m3
E3 Emissions Scope 13,1844,464 ↑43 ↓tCO2tCO2tCO2
E4 Emissions Scope 23,9844,912 ↑32 ↓tCO2tCO2tCO2
E5 Emissions Scope 3 Upstream8,5287,312 ↓11 = tCO2tCO2tCO2
E6 Emissions Scope 3 Downstream10,000*6,800 ↓01 ↑tCO2tCO2tCO2
E7 Waste generation3,3124,368 ↑32 ↓TTT
E8 Managed waste4,3364,656 ↑32 ↓TTT
E9 Reused waste7,2165,776 ↓22 = KgTT
S1 Employees6,8008,496 ↑12 ↑Number of peopleNumber of peopleNumber of people
S2 Gender diversity5,1686,608 ↑22 = Number of peopleNumber of peopleNumber of people
S3 Senior management positions4,4964,400 ↓22 = Number of peopleNumber of peopleNumber of people
S4 Gender diversity in senior management3,7924,144 ↑22 = Number of peopleNumber of peopleNumber of people
S5 Job stability4,6886,096 ↑22 = Number of peopleNumber of peopleNumber of people
S6 Right to parental leave4,9125,072 ↑21 ↓Number of peopleNumber of peopleNumber of people
S7 Right to maternity leave4,9125,008 ↑21 ↓Number of peopleNumber of peopleNumber of people
S8 Disability5,6485,648 ↓22 = Number of peopleNumber of peopleNumber of people
S9 Occupational hazard9,23210,000* ↑21 ↓Number of peopleNumber of peopleNumber of people
S10 Absenteeism2,9922,672 ↓44 = %%Number of lost days
S11 Employee turnover5,5844,208 ↓24 ↑Number of peopleNumber of peopleNumber of people
S12 Net employment creation5,3926,800 ↑51 ↓New hires and layoffsNew hires and layoffsNumber of new contracts - (number of retirements + number of voluntary redundancies (S11) + number of dismissals)
S13 Length of service6,8006,096 ↓12 ↑Average number of years of tenure for all employeesAverage number of years of tenure for all employeesAverage number of years of tenure for all employees
S14 Employees training4,6567,824 ↑32 ↓Total number of training hours received by employees during the yearTotal number of training hours received by employees during the yearTotal number of training hours received by employees during the year

Note(s): *HHI = 10,000 since no company reported this KPI

Source(s): The authors

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