Table 6

Themes of content analysis

ClusterThemesSub-themesReference and citation
Cluster 1 (Red)Stock market and personality traitsStock market, stock holding, personality traits, investment, gender, financial crisis, empirical analysis and educationVan Rooij et al. (2012),
Almenberg and Dreber (2015),
Conlin et al. (2015),
Sivaramakrishnan et al. (2017) 
Cluster 2 (Green)Stock market participation, risk tolerance and behavioural financeStock market participation, behavioural finance, risk tolerance, social interaction, risk aversion, investor behaviour, information and immigrantsHong et al. (2004),
Gomes et al. (2005),
Guvenen (2006),
Kaustia et al. (2023) 
Cluster 3 (Blue)Financial literacy and financial market participationFinancial literacy, financial market participation, household finance, digital divide, inequality and trustGuiso et al. (2008),
Van Rooij et al. (2011),
Kaustia et al. (2023),
Akhtar and Das (2020) 
Cluster 4 (Yellow)Portfolio choice and investmentsPortfolio choices, investments, financial markets, limited participation, market participation and risk preferenceGrinblatt et al. (2011),
Lin et al. (2020) 
Cluster 5 (Purple)Financial market and financial systemFinancial market, financial system, household survey, asset allocation and participatory approachDimmock et al. (2010),
Raut et al. (2018) 
Cluster 6 (Light Blue)Individual investors and decision-makingIndividual investors, decision-making, finance, household income, macroeconomicsPagano et al. (1993),
Li et al. (2020),
Gomes et al. (2021) 
Source(s): Created by authors

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