Table 2

Measurement model evaluation

Internal consistencyConvergent validityDiscriminant validity
ConstructCronbach’s alpha
>0.7
Composite reliability
>0.7
AVE > 0.5HTMT values
Moderating effect 20.8340.7691.0001 not included
Lean duration0.9000.7031.0001 not included
Moderating effect 10.7600.8761.0001 not included
Jidoka0.8890.8650.6451 not included
Operational performance0.7060.8360.6301 not included
Human dimensions0.8340.8830.6011 not included
Stability and standardization0.8060.8650.5631 not included
JIT0.7200.7720.5011 not included
LM0.9250.9360.5191 not included

Source(s): Authors’ own elaboration

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