Table 1 Factor loadings and reliability...

Table 1

Factor loadings and reliability

Construct	Items	Factor loading	VIF^a	Cronbach’s α	CR^a	AVE^a
Functionality	CF1	0.886	2.423	0.874	0.922	0.798
	CF2	0.915	2.672
	CF3	0.879	2.119
Trustworthiness	CT1	0.854	2.194	0.800	0.870	0.627
	CT2	0.838	2.109
	CT3	0.765	1.531
	CT4	0.702	1.366
Efficiency	CE1	0.729	1.542	0.834	0.883	0.604
	CE2	0.829	2.166
	CE3	0.840	2.130
	CE4	0.786	1.823
	CE5	0.691	1.431
Human-likeness	CH1	Deleted	Deleted	0.667	0.857	0.750
	CH2	0.884	1.334
	CH3	0.848	1.334
Responsiveness	CR1	Deleted^b
Responsiveness	CR2	Deleted^b
Reference to the service	RS1	0.875	1.924	0.816	0.891	0.731
	RS2	0.861	1.863
	RS3	0.828	1.685
Perceived interactivity	PI1	0.855	2.093	0.827	0.886	0.660
	PI2	0.810	2.015
	PI3	0.825	1.883
	PI4	0.755	1.460
	PI5	deleted	deleted
Brand experience	BE1	0.692	1.576	0.882	0.911	0.631
	BE2	0.792	2.158
	BE3	0.827	2.307
	BE4	0.802	2.250
	BE5	0.814	2.161
	BE6	0.829	2.211
Parasocial relationships	PR1	0.865	1.951	0.830	0.898	0.746
	PR2	0.902	2.259
	PR3	0.823	1.728

Construct	Items	Factor loading	VIF^a	Cronbach’s α	CR^a	AVE^a
Functionality	CF1	0.886	2.423	0.874	0.922	0.798
	CF2	0.915	2.672
	CF3	0.879	2.119
Trustworthiness	CT1	0.854	2.194	0.800	0.870	0.627
	CT2	0.838	2.109
	CT3	0.765	1.531
	CT4	0.702	1.366
Efficiency	CE1	0.729	1.542	0.834	0.883	0.604
	CE2	0.829	2.166
	CE3	0.840	2.130
	CE4	0.786	1.823
	CE5	0.691	1.431
Human-likeness	CH1	Deleted	Deleted	0.667	0.857	0.750
	CH2	0.884	1.334
	CH3	0.848	1.334
Responsiveness	CR1	Deleted^b
Responsiveness	CR2	Deleted^b
Reference to the service	RS1	0.875	1.924	0.816	0.891	0.731
	RS2	0.861	1.863
	RS3	0.828	1.685
Perceived interactivity	PI1	0.855	2.093	0.827	0.886	0.660
	PI2	0.810	2.015
	PI3	0.825	1.883
	PI4	0.755	1.460
	PI5	deleted	deleted
Brand experience	BE1	0.692	1.576	0.882	0.911	0.631
	BE2	0.792	2.158
	BE3	0.827	2.307
	BE4	0.802	2.250
	BE5	0.814	2.161
	BE6	0.829	2.211
Parasocial relationships	PR1	0.865	1.951	0.830	0.898	0.746
	PR2	0.902	2.259
	PR3	0.823	1.728

Note(s): CH1 and PI5 were deleted because their factor loadings were −0.659 and 0.494, respectively, which were below the threshold of 0.5. Before removing these items, the Cronbach’s α value for human likeness was 0.038 while that for interactivity was 0.799

VIF, Variance inflation factor; CR, composite reliability; AVE, average variance extracted

Responsiveness was removed to avoid construct overlap due to its high correlations with efficiency and service reference

[ViewLarge]

Sharing Unavailable