QM capabilities toward sustainable performance
| Category | Index | Capability | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Leadership and management | Q1 | Leadership and management | (Ahmed and Mathrani, 2024; Attar, 2023; Bullen and Rockhart, 1981; Chen, 2024; Lobo et al., 2018; Lobo and Ramanathan, 2005; Stankalla et al., 2019; Sumant et al., 2024; Swarnakar et al., 2020) |
| Q2 | Strategy and industry position | (Ahmed and Mathrani, 2024; Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2017; Bullen and Rockhart, 1981; Chen, 2024; Lobo et al., 2018; Lobo and Ramanathan, 2005; Sumant et al., 2024) | |
| Q3 | Benchmarking | (Chen, 2024; Lobo and Ramanathan, 2005; Sumant et al., 2024) | |
| Q4 | Business outcomes | (Lobo et al., 2018) | |
| Q5 | Supply chain | (Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2017) | |
| Q6 | Environmental manager | (Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2017) | |
| Q7 | Principal manager characteristics | (Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2017) | |
| Q8 | Linking LSS/I4.0 with business strategy/goals, supplier and customer | (Alhuraish et al., 2017; Kumar et al., 2024; Sumant et al., 2024; Zulfiqar et al., 2024) | |
| Q9 | Value creation | (Sumant et al., 2024) | |
| Q10 | Facilitate resources and skills for implementation | (Mishra, 2022; Sumant et al., 2024) | |
| Q11 | Change management | (Sumant et al., 2024) | |
| Q12 | Team emphasis | (Sumant et al., 2024) | |
| Q13 | Connecting with government and science | (Sumant et al., 2024) | |
| Q14 | Strategic direction | (Ahmed and Mathrani, 2024; Bullen and Rockhart, 1981; Moya et al., 2019; Stankalla et al., 2018; Sumant et al., 2024) | |
| Q15 | Top management commitment and support | (Alhuraish et al., 2017; Chen, 2024; Kumar et al., 2024; Stankalla et al., 2018; Sumant et al., 2024; Zulfiqar et al., 2024) | |
| Q16 | Empowerment | (Chen, 2024; Kumar et al., 2024; Lobo and Ramanathan, 2005; Sumant et al., 2024) | |
| Q17 | Analysis and implementation of the LSS strategy | (Sodhi et al., 2019) | |
| Q18 | Temporal factors | (Ahmed and Mathrani, 2024; Bullen and Rockhart, 1981) | |
| Q19 | Internal and external organization factors | (Ahmed and Mathrani, 2024; Bullen and Rockhart, 1981; Mohaghegh et al., 2021; Moya et al., 2019) | |
| Finance | Q20 | Resources availability/utilization (financial and non-financial) | (Kumar et al., 2024; Stankalla et al., 2018; Sumant and Negi, 2018) |
| Q21 | Finance position | (Alkhoraif et al., 2019) | |
| Organizational culture | Q22 | Quality culture | (Lobo et al., 2018; Lobo and Ramanathan, 2005) |
| Q23 | Continuous improvement | (Chen, 2024; Kumar et al., 2024; Lobo et al., 2018; Lobo and Ramanathan, 2005; Sumant and Negi, 2018; Tortorella et al., 2017) | |
| Q24 | Customer focus | (Chen, 2024; Lobo and Ramanathan, 2005; Sumant et al., 2024; Sumant and Negi, 2018; Zulfiqar et al., 2024) | |
| Q25 | Supplier focus | (Chen, 2024; Lobo and Ramanathan, 2005; Sumant et al., 2024; Sumant and Negi, 2018; Zulfiqar et al., 2024) | |
| Q26 | Involvement of employees | (Alhuraish et al., 2017; Chen, 2024; Sumant et al., 2024; Swarnakar et al., 2020) | |
| Q27 | Cultural change | (Alhuraish et al., 2017; Stankalla et al., 2018; Sumant et al., 2024) | |
| Q28 | Reward system | (Alhuraish et al., 2017; Chen, 2024; Sumant et al., 2024) | |
| Q29 | Organizational culture and belief | (Alkhoraif et al., 2019; Kumar et al., 2024; Stankalla et al., 2018; Swarnakar et al., 2020) | |
| Q30 | Stakeholder enrichment | (Sumant and Negi, 2018) | |
| Q31 | Systemic thinking | (Sumant et al., 2024) | |
| Q32 | A culture of innovation | (Dixit et al., 2022; Sumant et al., 2024) | |
| Q33 | Accountability | (Sumant et al., 2024) | |
| Q34 | Emphasis on metrics | (Sumant et al., 2024) | |
| Q35 | Personnel satisfaction | (Sumant et al., 2024) | |
| Q36 | Lessons learned/best practice | (Stankalla et al., 2018) | |
| Q37 | Work procedures standardization | (Kumar et al., 2024; Sodhi et al., 2019; Sumant et al., 2024) | |
| Q38 | The quality department’s role | (Sumant et al., 2024) | |
| Skills and expertise | Q39 | Processes management | (Chen, 2024; Lobo and Ramanathan, 2005; Moya et al., 2019; Simões et al., 2024; Sumant et al., 2024; Sumant and Negi, 2018) |
| Q40 | Data-based and fact-based decision making | (Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2017; Sumant et al., 2024) | |
| Q41 | Communication | (Alhuraish et al., 2017; Kumar et al., 2024; Stankalla et al., 2018; Sumant et al., 2024) | |
| Q42 | Skills and expertise | (Alhuraish et al., 2017; Alkhoraif et al., 2019; Attar, 2023; Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2017) | |
| Q43 | Precise selection of project, tools, methodologies and technologies | (Kumar et al., 2024; Mishra, 2022) | |
| Q44 | Green supply chain performance | (Sumant and Negi, 2018) | |
| Q45 | Know-how of customers and markets | (Sumant et al., 2024) | |
| Q46 | Monitoring result improvement | (Ahmed and Mathrani, 2024; Bullen and Rockhart, 1981; Mishra, 2022; Sumant et al., 2024) | |
| Q47 | High-quality information and analysis | (Chen, 2024; Sumant et al., 2024) | |
| Q48 | Product design | (Chen, 2024; Sumant et al., 2024) | |
| Q49 | Stock control | (Sumant et al., 2024) | |
| Q50 | Understanding tools/techniques /methods | (Alhuraish et al., 2017; Stankalla et al., 2018; Sumant et al., 2024; Zulfiqar et al., 2024) | |
| Q51 | Project management skills/experience | (Alhuraish et al., 2017; Moya et al., 2019; Stankalla et al., 2018; Sumant et al., 2024; Tortorella et al., 2017) | |
| Q52 | Being able to use data for quality reports | (Chen, 2024; Zulfiqar et al., 2024) | |
| Q53 | Integration of I4.0 into the LSS toolkit | (Zulfiqar et al., 2024) | |
| Q54 | Enhance supply chain coordination | (Zulfiqar et al., 2024) | |
| Q55 | Competency and master of black belt in LSS and LSS dashboard | (Stankalla et al., 2018) | |
| Q56 | Knowledge acquisition | (Attar, 2023) | |
| Q57 | Lean technical orientation | (Mohaghegh et al., 2021) | |
| Q58 | Sustainable performance | (Mohaghegh et al., 2021) | |
| Technological capabilities | Q59 | IT and innovation | (Stankalla et al., 2018; Sumant et al., 2024) |
| Q60 | Organizational infrastructure | (Stankalla et al., 2018) | |
| Q61 | Technologies adaptation | (Kumar et al., 2024; Yadav et al., 2021) | |
| Q62 | Automation | (Yadav et al., 2021) | |
| Q63 | Remote working with accurate data availability | (Yadav et al., 2021) | |
| Human resources (HR) management (HRM) | Q64 | Employee development | (Alhuraish et al., 2017; Chen, 2024; Lobo and Ramanathan, 2005; Simões et al., 2024; Stankalla et al., 2018; Sumant et al., 2024; Yadav et al., 2021; Zulfiqar et al., 2024) |
| Q65 | Linking LSS to human resources | (Alhuraish et al., 2017; Stankalla et al., 2018; Sumant et al., 2024) | |
| Q66 | Human resources management | (Alhuraish et al., 2017; Lobo and Ramanathan, 2005; Stankalla et al., 2018) | |
| Q67 | Linking LSS with smart technologies/I4.0 industry paradigm, HRM policies and reward and recognition system | (Kumar et al., 2024) | |
| Q68 | Dedicated management and employee | (Mishra, 2022) |
| Category | Index | Capability | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Leadership and management | Q1 | Leadership and management | ( |
| Q2 | Strategy and industry position | ( | |
| Q3 | Benchmarking | ( | |
| Q4 | Business outcomes | ( | |
| Q5 | Supply chain | ( | |
| Q6 | Environmental manager | ( | |
| Q7 | Principal manager characteristics | ( | |
| Q8 | Linking LSS/I4.0 with business strategy/goals, supplier and customer | ( | |
| Q9 | Value creation | ( | |
| Q10 | Facilitate resources and skills for implementation | ( | |
| Q11 | Change management | ( | |
| Q12 | Team emphasis | ( | |
| Q13 | Connecting with government and science | ( | |
| Q14 | Strategic direction | ( | |
| Q15 | Top management commitment and support | ( | |
| Q16 | Empowerment | ( | |
| Q17 | Analysis and implementation of the | ( | |
| Q18 | Temporal factors | ( | |
| Q19 | Internal and external organization factors | ( | |
| Finance | Q20 | Resources availability/utilization (financial and non-financial) | ( |
| Q21 | Finance position | ( | |
| Organizational culture | Q22 | Quality culture | ( |
| Q23 | Continuous improvement | ( | |
| Q24 | Customer focus | ( | |
| Q25 | Supplier focus | ( | |
| Q26 | Involvement of employees | ( | |
| Q27 | Cultural change | ( | |
| Q28 | Reward system | ( | |
| Q29 | Organizational culture and belief | ( | |
| Q30 | Stakeholder enrichment | ( | |
| Q31 | Systemic thinking | ( | |
| Q32 | A culture of innovation | ( | |
| Q33 | Accountability | ( | |
| Q34 | Emphasis on metrics | ( | |
| Q35 | Personnel satisfaction | ( | |
| Q36 | Lessons learned/best practice | ( | |
| Q37 | Work procedures standardization | ( | |
| Q38 | The quality department’s role | ( | |
| Skills and expertise | Q39 | Processes management | ( |
| Q40 | Data-based and fact-based decision making | ( | |
| Q41 | Communication | ( | |
| Q42 | Skills and expertise | ( | |
| Q43 | Precise selection of project, tools, methodologies and technologies | ( | |
| Q44 | Green supply chain performance | ( | |
| Q45 | Know-how of customers and markets | ( | |
| Q46 | Monitoring result improvement | ( | |
| Q47 | High-quality information and analysis | ( | |
| Q48 | Product design | ( | |
| Q49 | Stock control | ( | |
| Q50 | Understanding tools/techniques /methods | ( | |
| Q51 | Project management skills/experience | ( | |
| Q52 | Being able to use data for quality reports | ( | |
| Q53 | Integration of I4.0 into the | ( | |
| Q54 | Enhance supply chain coordination | ( | |
| Q55 | Competency and master of black belt in | ( | |
| Q56 | Knowledge acquisition | ( | |
| Q57 | Lean technical orientation | ( | |
| Q58 | Sustainable performance | ( | |
| Technological capabilities | Q59 | ( | |
| Q60 | Organizational infrastructure | ( | |
| Q61 | Technologies adaptation | ( | |
| Q62 | Automation | ( | |
| Q63 | Remote working with accurate data availability | ( | |
| Human resources ( | Q64 | Employee development | ( |
| Q65 | Linking | ( | |
| Q66 | Human resources management | ( | |
| Q67 | Linking | ( | |
| Q68 | Dedicated management and employee | ( |
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