Table 2

Correlation matrix

(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)
(1)Liquidityt+11.000         
(2)EsgDis1t0.0631.000        
(3)EsgDis2t0.1050.9911.000       
(4)Sizet0.5730.0830.1431.000      
(5)Leveraget0.1230.0330.0500.4571.000     
(6)FirmAget0.160−0.040−0.0300.2080.1861.000    
(7)Casht−0.0510.005−0.002−0.170−0.378−0.2031.000   
(8)ROAt0.0890.0040.0170.022−0.373−0.1130.2911.000  
(9)MBt0.046−0.011−0.018−0.401−0.184−0.0160.0360.0821.000 
(10)Boardt0.1240.0100.0270.2390.1600.068−0.070−0.038−0.0861.000
(11)NumIndept0.0140.0030.001−0.024−0.039−0.0190.0070.0030.038−0.242
(12)Dualt−0.082−0.020−0.031−0.163−0.140−0.1010.0720.0310.054−0.154
(13)Salaryt0.3800.0260.0600.4770.0760.2350.0120.157−0.1000.076
(14)IOt−0.0540.0610.0770.2200.012−0.1240.0650.156−0.1360.016
(15)Big4t0.1880.0350.0570.3470.0990.027−0.0070.042−0.0740.093
(16)Rett−0.1660.0070.005−0.063−0.015−0.0470.0200.0960.175−0.001
(17)Sigmat−0.181−0.024−0.033−0.131−0.026−0.0430.0050.0020.148−0.030
(18)GdpGrowtht−0.0030.0560.059−0.0080.025−0.2100.0420.089−0.0030.030
(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)
(11)NumIndept1.000       
(12)Dualt0.1001.000      
(13)Salaryt0.008−0.0111.000     
(14)IOt0.029−0.0500.0131.000    
(15)Big4t0.007−0.0530.2320.1701.000   
(16)Rett0.0040.015−0.0350.018−0.0151.000  
(17)Sigmat0.0140.055−0.044−0.020−0.0450.8101.000 
(18)GdpGrowtht−0.048−0.045−0.1400.0570.020−0.037−0.0591.000

Note(s): Lower left corner presents the Pearson Correlation coefficient. The coefficient in italic indicates 0.1 significance levels

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