Hypotheses testing summary
| H | Hypothesized relation | Test/Model | Key result (estimate, 95% CI) | Model fit/ΔR2 | Decision |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| H1 | WIL → CSE (+) | Linear regression | β = 0.44, b = 0.44, t = 10.58, p < 0.001, 95% CI [0.36, 0.52] | R2 = 0.19 | Supported |
| H2 | CSE → CAD (+) | Linear regression | β = 0.59, b = 0.51, t = 16.01, p < 0.001, 95% CI [0.45, 0.58] | R2 = 0.35 | Supported |
| H3 | CAD → EMP (+) | Simple regression | β = 0.73, b = 0.73, t = 23.30, p < 0.001, 95% CI [0.67, 0.79] | R2 = 0.53 | Supported |
| H4 | WIL → CSE → CAD | PROCESS Model 4 (mediation) | Indirect (a × b) = 0.21, Boot 95% CI [0.16, 0.26]; Direct c′ = 0.09, p = 0.018 | R2: total 0.12 → with M 0.36 | Supported (partial mediation) |
| H5 | WIL → CSE → CAD → EMP | PROCESS Model 6 (serial mediation) | Serial Ind3 = 0.15, Boot 95% CI [0.12, 0.19]; Total indirect = 0.23 [0.17, 0.29]; c′ = −0.01, p = 0.718 | R2 (EMP with mediators) = 0.53 | Supported (full mediation overall) |
| H6 | PRO × (WIL → CSE) | PROCESS Model 1 (moderation) | Interaction b = 0.20, p < 0.001; simple slopes at PRO: low = 0.18 (p = 0.002), median = 0.44 (p < 0.001), high = 0.69 (p < 0.001); J–N: PRO >1.42 | ΔR2 = 0.05 | Supported |
| H | Hypothesized relation | Test/Model | Key result (estimate, 95% CI) | Model fit/Δ | Decision |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| WIL → CSE (+) | Linear regression | β = 0.44, b = 0.44, | Supported | ||
| CSE → CAD (+) | Linear regression | β = 0.59, b = 0.51, | Supported | ||
| CAD → EMP (+) | Simple regression | β = 0.73, b = 0.73, | Supported | ||
| WIL → CSE → CAD | PROCESS Model 4 (mediation) | Indirect (a × b) = 0.21, Boot 95% CI [0.16, 0.26]; Direct c′ = 0.09, | Supported (partial mediation) | ||
| WIL → CSE → CAD → EMP | PROCESS Model 6 (serial mediation) | Serial Ind3 = 0.15, Boot 95% CI [0.12, 0.19]; Total indirect = 0.23 [0.17, 0.29]; c′ = −0.01, | Supported (full mediation overall) | ||
| PRO × (WIL → CSE) | PROCESS Model 1 (moderation) | Interaction b = 0.20, | Δ | Supported |
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