Table 4.

Estimation results for H1

(1)(2)(3)(4)
VariablesMENPMENPMENPMENP
LREG0.3937*** (0.0579)0.2183*** (0.0566)0.2207*** (0.0578)0.2137*** (0.0569)
SCPD0.9809** (0.4492)1.6135*** (0.4059)1.6342*** (0.4051)
POLY0.4238*** (0.0862)0.5230*** (0.0715)0.5081*** (0.0714)
OREG0.1787*** (0.0507)0.1838*** (0.0504)0.1603*** (0.0500)
OENP0.3348*** (0.0618)0.2717*** (0.0567)0.2984*** (0.0586)
INNO0.0061 (0.1113)0.0764 (0.1079)0.0629 (0.1105)
EDEN0.0277 (0.0301)0.0858*** (0.0320)0.0779** (0.0321)
PDEN−0.5282 (2.2810)−0.2807 (2.2876)
POP−6.7837*** (2.0799)−7.6522*** (2.0543)
HCAP0.0674 (0.0601)0.0579 (0.0601)
UNMP−0.0194 (0.0162)−0.0144 (0.0164)
PGDP−1.0286** (0.4750)
GGDP0.0731*** (0.0133)
INDS3.0607** (1.2476)
FSIZ−0.5881*** (0.1686)
Constant2.9508*** (0.1645)2.0957*** (0.6521)41.3998*** (11.3667)39.8677*** (11.5236)
City FEYesYesYesYes
Year FEYesYesYesYes
Observations3,3673,3673,3673,367
R20.38410.46610.49560.5015
No. of cities280280280280
Note(s):

Robust standard errors in parentheses ***p < 0.01, **p < 0.05, *p < 0.1

Source(s): Author’s own creation

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